Spyke's Graphic Design Blog

Managing Stress in the workplace

2011-12-29T19:27:00.002-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Stress in the workplace is a major problem. What are some reasons why stress is increasing in the workplace?

Layoffs:

In today’s working class is struggling to find and keep work. With unemployment reaching 10% Americans need jobs. The tough economy is then in turn demands companies make cuts to stay in the black. This causes great stress on the work and their position is valued. It is their lively hood and how they provide for their family. Many positions are getting cut and employees are left jobless.

Managers might not have any choice in this season, as funds are limited. At the same time managers could, look into other areas that they could cut to keep employees in their positions. Consider how companies could cut a great bit of overhead by shifting many employees to work from off site locations. Years ago this option seemed a bit more difficult, but with high-speed Internet and computer technology working in a virtual environment is pretty seamless. Dollars saved in overhead could be applied to wages and give the company a new virtual edge.

Lack of Compensation:

Today’s employees are very frustrated with their wages. As the prices of goods and services have continued to rise, the wage of the worker has remained pretty much the same. Many employees today are not receiving the bonuses; health benefits, retirement plans and annual raises that were once considered common place in any position. In fact employees are seeing that their marginal raises barely cover inflation of goods from year to year.

The truth of the matter is that the rate of compensation is rising slower than the rate if inflation. Mangers may not have the funds to financially compensate their employees, but they can still compensate them. Insensitive programs, lottery pools, verbal affirmation, special recognition and contests are just a few things a manager could put into place to try to help employees feel valued, when the wage is not enough.

Raising Expectation: In an 8 hour workday, which is an hour longer than it was 50 years ago, the expectation of higher production is continually on the backs of employees. Technology has spoiled the work environment with instant results. An employee has the information at their fingertips. The expectation has followed technology as employers expect employees to produce significantly more with continual growth. Also, there is now the instant availability and employees can never get away from work. They are taking phone calls, emails, and working round the clock.

While pushing productivity is important to business growth it is important for managers to see their employees as humans, not machines. Setting goals is important, and pushes employees to work hard. At the same time to continually raise the bar will eventually burn out employees. Managers need to keep a healthy balance in mind and compensate long days and long hours. Some managers may even celebrate a the tough season in the slow season and take staff on trips, or have office parties. This is also a way to recognize the hard work and effort.

Resources:

AIO Classroom, Organizational Psychology | PS4010 XB. Week 6 Web. 21 September 2011.

Bunner, B. (n.d). Discussion about Modern Management. Warehouse Manager.
Interview. 22 September 2011.

Managment and Change

2011-12-29T19:26:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Change is difficult for everyone because it is often seen as threatening. Give specific reasons why change and willingness to be flexible are important to modern management. Use outside references and the readings to support your argument.

Higher efficiency: New systems are continually being implement to streamline production and create greater efficiency. Many companies are learning the value of new management systems that help manage time, projects and people. Sigma 6 is one of the many that helped revolutionize GE and had become one of the major systems that larger companies implement.

Competition: As businesses progress and companies move forward change is necessary to keep a competitive edge. If management is unmovable and set in their ways the company will miss the needs of their target market. Consider how landline companies had to switch their direction to stay in the market. ATT now offers Internet, cable, and wireless devices. Cable TV had to push their technologies forward as well too. And cell phones change almost on a weekly basis.

New information and technology: Every company is implementing new technology continually. One of the greatest new pieces many companies have added to there systems is the ipad. Implementing this new device has streamlined efficiently and communication greatly. Also considering how smart phones are essential to today’s businessperson. Their calendars, contacts, presentations and more are all so much easier to access with advancing devices.

Mergers and Takeover: Companies these days are merging and switching full management systems. If you were unable to flexible and move with the change you would be lost in the changes. From banks, grocery stores, automotive companies, and even advertising agencies all are experiencing mergers and takeovers. Managers must be willing to implement new systems and to meet the needs of the new and or adjusted department.

Resources:

AIO Classroom, Organizational Psychology | PS4010 XB. Week 6 Web. 21 September 2011.

Bunner, B. (n.d). Discussion about Modern Management. Warehouse Manager.
Interview. 22 September 2011.

Challenges with Direct Mail

2011-12-29T19:22:00.001-05:00

Direct mail first off has very low return rate. “For a targeted direct mail campaign, you should see an average response rate of 2-5%” (Direct Mail Response Rate Tips, 2011). This means for 5000 Pieces were sent out a 2% response would mean 100 responses. In my opinion this is very low. Considering the cost clients with a low budget may want to consider a different approach, as the amount need to invest is rather significant for a reasonable response. The price invested is in production of the mailer piece as well as the posting. Also if there is a promotional offer or gift that can be redeemed, that is an added expences. The key question is how to make the response rate higher?
A very competitive offer is a good place to start. It is a sad but true fact that people are not very interested unless they are getting something out of the piece. The direct mail piece needs to grab the audience’s attention and call them to action. For me personally I end up handing most direct mail pieces to my 3-year-old daughter. She likes the color, images, and it keeps her entertained for about 4 minutes. Unless they have a great offer, or something that strikes me, (grabbing my attention) the piece will end up in her little hands. Even if the mailer is to inform people about an upcoming event, sale, or promotion there needs to a reason to motivate the viewer to take action. Coupons and money saving offers are a great place to start.
Another vital part of direct mail is making sure the contact information is available. Yes, we know pretty much anyone can jump online and do a few searches and figure it out, but why add the extra challenge? Contact information is essential to an effective call to action. Taking this a step further is making sure there is a web addresses and social media. The web is the modern day yellow pages. You could take it one step further and add a QR code for those with a smart phone that want to play with this fad.
Urgency is another essential aspect to add to a direct mailer. If there is no sense of urgency, the mailer is likely to be filed away never to be seen again or the packrat individual will show up with your mailer 3 years later and be annoyed that you are no longer extending the offer. Making the mailer urgent also adds a sense of excitement, and a call to action now. For example, “This weekend Grand Opening! FREE fuel card to the first 50 shoppers!” This means if you want some free gas, you need to get there first.
These of course are the basic essential elements for successful direct mailers. Keep in mind also getting an accurate target mailing list is also helpful. For example I have a client that does mailers for his automotive repair shop. He buys a mailing list for all German automobile owners in a surrounding 100-mile radius. This focuses his advertising to the local area and individual that would be interested in his specific services. Also he always gives money saving offers.

Works Cited:
Birchell, MaKenzie. "4 Big Direct Mail Mistakes | Bluewater Blog." Integrated Direct Marketing Solution - Bluewater. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. .
"Direct Mail Response Rate Tips." Small Business Marketing Tips. Web. 26 Sept. 2011. .

Effective Direct Mailer Concepts

2011-12-29T19:20:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Will your direct mail campaign be viewed as just another piece of junk mail? Discuss some of the strategies learned from your reading as well as ideas you've developed that could save a direct mail campaign from being automatically tossed in the trash.

Overview:

The stats are against direct mail especially if an organization is not able to afford the volume to get the low rate of return to show the needed numbers. This means some creative ideas are in order to generate a better return and get the public to delay disposal of the direct mail piece.

1. Using the Famous:

The first idea is to locate some sharp looking celebrities with great teeth, probably some one on the red carpet looking very glamorous. The concept is that “You don’t have to be a celebrity to have a nice smile…” Images could be located on http://www.shutterstock.com and as long as the printed number was less then 250,000 the price for the photography would be rather affordable. To make this concept successful the celebrity would need to be a more popular one. Kids might connect with Justin Bieber, while generation-X might be drawn more to Megan Fox, or Ryan Reynolds. My wife claims women of all ages like George Clooney. The bottom line to this concept is that people would see the celebrity and think of this glorified individual. We would play on their emotions as we are saying the dental care will make them one step closer to this ‘godlike’ individual. Think of how teens have posters of these individuals plastered across their bedrooms. Using a popular celebrity face would defiantly slow the trip to the trash.

2. Special Offer:

My gut reaction is a special offer will always get someone in the door or at least delay throwing away the promotional. But as dental offices are giving away free whitening, cleanings, and x-rays like it is going out of style, one would think that there would never be anyone missing dental care or not establishing a dental home.

This offers have almost given ruined the public for direct mail as there is always a catch. My wife for example went for her free exam and the dentist claimed to find 6 cavities and wanted $2500. Funny she had never had a cavity before in her life.

The offer would need to be clear and not have hidden addenda. For me I would like to know that I could get in the door and out with the service without getting hammered with a bill. “A free first visit” might be in order. The service and experience would key to retain the client and make them want to return. Also booking the follow up in 6 months would need to happen to help establish the relationship and dental home.

3. Stuff For Kids:

Kids love to get stuff in the mail. If the mailer was directed at children it might prove to stay in the home out of the trash for the longest amount of time. I would consider some type of folded piece that has stickers and was a chart that children could place by their toothbrush, or even hold the toothbrush. They could track their brushing, and flossing and it would help count down to the next dental appointment. This would help remind the child of their next dental visit and they would be excited as the completed chart could offer some “great prize” for healthy brushing habits.

Conclusion:

I think a combination of all of these concepts would be the best solution. Marketing should be directed at the children. The piece should be some type of thing that helps them remember to brush and practice good dental habits. If the piece showed a good track record the child would get a prize and free dental cleaning this would be Incentive for the child and parents both. Taking this one step further finding a relatively inexpensive character to help endorse the promotion would be the best touch, but could be costly. Most cartoon characters are branded with copyright. It might almost be easier to develop a new character, but that removes the “I know them” concept from the piece. For example, if my daughter got a piece in the mail with Dora, or Elmo on it saying to brush her teeth, she would be more drawn to the piece than if a everyday cartoon dog was on the piece. This being the case still combining the concepts would aid in creating a solid piece that would offer great motivation to both child and parent.

Pros and Cons of Branding

2011-12-29T19:18:00.000-05:00

Branding may hurt or help a nonprofit organization in marketing pieces. Many nonprofit organizations do not have the dollars to create and support a strong use of their branding. Organizations tie up dollars more in operations and fulfillment and therefore have no funds left to put toward the image or branding of their association. This can be good in as it shows people that are donating to the organization that the support is needed and necessary for the future existence. Many companies also might prefer a weaker branded organization that might let their company shine through with great support. Bottom line with poorly branded nonprofit organizations there is some positive depending on the view of the individual. It mainly shows that the organization is struggling and needs help. Some might find that appealing, others may see that as a red flag and take their support elsewhere.

Stronger and more established branding in contrast could be seen as a good thing to many companies. Many companies that want to support a nonprofit want to know their dollars are going to a legit organization that is growing and going to be around for years to come. Having strong branding established helps both supporters and users of the service to know the nonprofit is established and is not going to fall apart in the coming months. Their investment and use of the service is going to be for the “long hall” and not be a wasted investment. They also see the dollars are being use and moving the organization forward and are glad to have their name associated with the success and being part of it.

Taking this a step further, depending on the public’s view of an organization, if it is involved in a marketing piece it could discourage involvement of some parties. For example, I think of how some conservatives do not like to have anything to do with the Planned Parenthood organization as they perform abortions. Having the Planned Parenthood branding on apiece may strike some individuals to not even take a look at what the piece is trying to communicate. Branding a piece that has nothing to do with abortion but might be loosely tied to Planned Parenthood could make the piece very unsuccessful, depending on the market receiving the pieces.

On a more personal level I recently had a client that wanted nothing to do with a promotional book I was working on cause it was involved with and had a page branded for the Red Cross. For some reason the client wanted nothing to do with this organization and refused to participate.

Resources:

AIO Classroom, Advanced Computer Graphics | GDE406 P04. Week 3, Web. 10 October 2011.

"Marketing a Non-Profit Brand." Ries' Pieces. Web. 10 Oct. 2011. .

"Nonprofit Branding: Unveiling the Essentials." GuideStar Nonprofit Reports and Forms 990 for Donors, Grantmakers and Businesses. Web. 10 Oct. 2011. .

Bluebeard - Points of view.

2011-12-29T19:14:00.002-05:00

In the 1697 story ‘Bluebeard’, written by Charles Perrault, a story is painted of a very wealthy man that is considered terribly ugly because of his blue beard. He was so ugly and frightening women would actually run from him. In addition to his horrible looks there were rumors that he had been married many times previous, and nobody knew what had happened to his wives.

He desired one of his neighbor’s two beautiful daughters, but neither wanted him. To win affection he threw a party at his home and had several girls over for a week of all kinds of fun. His efforts were not in vain as the youngest of the girls began to see him differently. They were soon married and shortly after Bluebeard was called away for a trip.

He gave his new bride free reign of the house, handing her keys to everything and granting her permission to go anywhere, except for one closet. She promised and he went away. She then quickly threw a large party while he was gone and became very curious about the forbidden closet. She opened it and found it full of dead women.

Bluebeard, returned home and found out what happened he set out to kill her. She was granted a short bit of time before she was to be slain, in which she contacted her brothers who came and killed Bluebeard seconds before he was going to slay his disobedient wife.

While the morals written by Charles Perrault talk about regret from entertaining curiosity and perusing disobedience, the article written by Ginette Vincendeau reflects much deeper ideas and interpretations. He admits that there is the aspect of addressing the caution against curiosity, but he also goes much deeper, even to suggest, “It is a parable on the dangers of sex for girls” (Vincedeau, 2010).

Another aspect he suggests is that it is a glimpse of the story of Eve’s disobedience in the Garden of Eden. Consider how she had free reign of the garden, and was only instructed not to eat from one tree. This is a great parallel, until we see the girl’s brothers kill Bluebeard. If Bluebeard were personifying the role of God, the comparison does not really work.

He also discusses that others have a view of the story showing a close relationship to that of a victim and their assassin, the sexual power struggle of men against the emerging sexuality of females and even a relationship to death in childbirth.

Regardless of the message the underlying story is terrifying. Women identify with the joy and freedom the new bride experiences with the sharp contrast of fear as she realizes whom she is really married to. We could consider the simple phrase, “ignorance is bliss”, as she was happy until she knew the truth. The truth is the women were killed previous to her developing the relationship. The only thing that had changed was her perspective. And that is what this story is really about, perspective.

Works Cited:

Perrault, Charles. “Blue Beard.” Contemania.com - Contes, Fables, Histoires, Comptines - Texte Intégral Gratuit. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. .

Vincendeau, Ginette. "Bluebeard." Sight & Sound Aug. 2010: 50-51. Wilson Web. Web. 12 Nov. 2011.

Serious, Nonsense, the Best of Both.

2011-12-29T19:13:00.000-05:00

Defining children’s literature may seem like a simple task when the thoughts of picture books, phonics builders, fairytales, and the like at a primitive comprehensive reading level. Children’s literature seems to really boil down into two main categories. Children’s stories have always been used to help teach, educate, train and even entertain children with fundamental principles that will help move them forward in their culture. As stories have evolved through the ages, we see the extremes of structured principles, nonsense and an approach that shows a balance of both extremes.

Aesop’s fables, while rather simple short stories, were entertaining illustrations for teaching principles. Consider these allegorical writings with their simple lessons. We see these simple teachings in fables like; The Crow and the Pitcher, and learning the principle of innovation; The Fox and the Grapes, which gives insight to dealing with disappointments; and the classic lesson of “Slow but steady wins the race” in The Hare and the Tortoise (Aesop, 2007). The fables are short entertaining and give children a unique life lesson. These stories also show fundamental characteristics in the characters in each story. Consider the fast hare, or slow tortoise. The stories also were more geared around the outcome or lesson for the audience. The more serious, and lessons of cause and effect in many cases revealed disappointment for the characters developed.

A completely different approach with children’s literature would be The Owl and the Pussy-cat, by Edward Lear. While some may question Lear’s value in pushing fundamental principles in culture, he may have actually touched on one of the most important values children need to consider. He has earned the title, “an unrivaled master of nonsense verse” (Stahl, 2007). Lear revels the value of fun, silliness and wonder that often is discouraged in childhood. He helps remind kids to be kids and not grow up too fast. His stories of nonsense that talk about a women with a long “wonderful nose”, or the man with all kinds of birds nesting in his beard, and the owl and the Pussy-cat went to sea In a beautiful pea-green boat,” create more of a dreamlike story where anything is possible (Lear, 2007). Silly rhymes and concepts paint a creative picture in the minds of his audience as he fills their thoughts with silly creative images.

Shel Silverstein takes the principles of both lesson, and nonsense then unifies them in a very unique piece called; Sarah Cynthia Sylvia Stout Would Not Take the Garbage Out. This ingenious fusion of the entertaining foolishness that children love, and the very simple moral or lesson, is a great merging of the two approaches. I enjoy most the climax of the story where the character finally says, “ ‘OK, I’ll take the garbage out!’ But the of course it was too late… The garbage reached across the state,” (Silverstein, 2007). The phrase paints a very vivid image and is so witty in the rhyme scheme that it just makes one smile. The story builds so nice and the lesson is clear as day, don’t procrastinate.

Children’s literature is most difficult to break down into categories with its many avenues, themes, styles, reading levels and so on. The evolving art of writing children’s literature has does have two drastically different approaches used to reflect the values of its culture. We see in early works like Aesop’s Fables that while the entertaining factor was present that the lesson was serious giving opportunity for many different avenues of application. As time moves forward culture saw the value in fun foolish gibberish in many of the creative silly tales of Edward Lear. Both have value and both are still valid approaches seen in children’s literature today. But we also see how well these two approaches work when they are fused together like in the stories written by Shel Silverstein. Keeping things light, silly and entertain, and yet giving children a simple lesson makes shows the influence of two great approaches.

Works Cited:

Aesop. "Aesop's Fables." Crosscurrents of Children's Literature: An Anthology of Texts and Criticism. 1st ed. New York: Oxford UP, 2007. 335-36. Print.

Lear, Edward. "Edward Lear (1812-88)." Crosscurrents of Children's Literature: An Anthology of Texts and Criticism. 1st ed. New York: Oxford UP, 2007. 312-13. Print.

Silverstein, Shel. "Shel Silverstein (1932-99)." Crosscurrents of Children's Literature: An Anthology of Texts and Criticism. 1st ed. New York: Oxford UP, 2007. 316. Print.

Stahl, J. D., Tina L. Hanlon, and Elizabeth Lennox Keyser. Crosscurrents of Children's Literature: an Anthology of Texts and Criticism. New York: Oxford UP, 2007. Print.

Achieving Authenticity in Childrens Literature

2011-12-29T19:10:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Authenticity of voice is often a topic analyzed in literature. Considering key elements of the character’s identity, such as race, class, gender, or regionalism, how can a writer portray characters which are different from the writer’s own and still achieve authenticity?

While there is a great bit of children’s literature that is story telling, many pieces involve an author placing themselves in different roles in the characters of their stories. The writer of today is called to address many topics and issues that they may never have experienced personally. Consider the topics of abuse, divorce, sexuality, and social issues children of today face. Consider how many others use personification and take on the character of an animal. Taking this even a step further an author may develop characters that come from a completely different background then their own. In considering the contrast of race, gender, wealth, and even culture and geological location, many might question how the author keeps the character believable and well developed.

A key component involved in a genuine character for any author would be research. The author need to delved into the situation, life, culture, values, and find as many characteristics to build and develop an authentic character. This is much easier today than many years ago with the convince of technology, and travel. The world that was once so vast keeps getting smaller and smaller with people traveling and visiting all over. Developing a realistic character not only provides authentic characterization for the reader, but also reaffirms and educates the reader about other issues they might not be as familiar with.

Once an author has found several key examples to pattern a character from they then need to delve in with empathy. They need to consider their background, heritage, hurts, joys and what has shaped them into the character they are. With empathy and careful consideration the character will be understood by the author who can then develop an authentic character that is contrary to their won life experience.

Resources:

AIO Classroom, Children's Literature | ENG4010 P01. Week 3, Web. 19 November 2011.

Childrens Literature Non-Fiction

2011-12-29T19:08:00.001-05:00

Non-fiction children’s literature is produced in several different formats. From very simple picture books, watered down reproductions of classic documents, how-to manuals and even expository text, children’s non-fiction literature encompasses a very large variety of topics. In reviewing many different books about animals, history and architecture, to very simple concepts like shapes and colors. These non-fiction children’s books bring information to children in a format that children can be drawn in and digest.

With such a large variety of texts in this genre, this paper will specifically look at the category of animals and examine and contrast the different reading levels and content provided by several popular publishers. It is apparent that some publishers are better than others as they provide an over all better product with greater aesthetic appeal. As society moves forward we see new and innovative publishers taking the place of those we at one time considered to have the corner of their market.

With children’s literature targeting a wide range of reading levels one of the main things I found in my research is that there is a wide range of books available. In discussing this with the librarian she pointed out that children start pulling these books out for book reports as early as second grade. Some children need simple facts, while older children are looking for greater details. Even beyond research some children are drawn to certain animals and earnestly research for their own recreation. With this in mind I found a wide range of books in the category.

A Scholastic book, by Ann O. Squire, “A True Book Tigers”, seemed to be more of a middle ground compared to the other books in this section. The photography was not as clear, and the books design allowed for smaller photos and larger sections of text. The design and color scheme seemed a bit dated as well and did not make book exceptionally appealing when compared to others in its section. Other books that fell in this group were Xavier Niz’s, “Elephants”, and even “Hippopotamus” by Patricia Whitehouse. Whitehouse took a slightly different approach as they pose questions at the beginning of each section and used the text to answer the question. Questions like, “What do hippos look like?”, “Where do hippos live?”, and “How are hippos special?” are covered in this book (Whitehouse, 2003).

Other books like “Amazing Animals Orangutans”, seems to have more information begin to prepare the reader for digesting more text and content about the topic. This book chooses to use nice large photos to relate to the text, but other books like Gorillas, by Gail Gibbons use a more illustrative approach. Gibbons book is full of loose watercolor and ink illustrations, yet has many facts that you would not expect to find in a more expressive piece like, “Gorillas never use a newt more than once”, and “Gorillas rarely drink water because of the plants they eat are juicy” (Gibbons, 2010).

The Pebble Plus books appear to have a superior aesthetic to the others. In reviewing the “Manatees” book by Jody Rake and “Giraffes”, by Catherine Ipcizade I was exceptionally impressed. Considering the elements of large vibrant photographs, simple yet informative text, and consistent format, the young readers are given a clean and informative experience. The wealth of information, is well-organized, very easy follow and to understand.

With children’s non-fiction literature, the options seem endless. One of the great ways to sift threw the many texts and find the exceptional pieces are identifying publisher series. I personally was most impressed with the Pebble Plus publications as they were so well done. The consistency from one book to the next was also very reassuring. Even in comparing well-known publications like Scholastic, Pebble Plus just seemed to be more direct. I believe this is partly in part to they way this genera has evolved. Pebble Plus is more of an up and coming publisher while Scholastic was more popular when I was a child. We see the progression and how the new publishers have a fresh and contemporary piece. As non-fiction literature moves forward I believe we will continue to see the content to be more concise and the photograph quality continue to improve.

Works Cited:

Gibbons, Gail. Gorillas. New York: Holiday House, 2010. Print.

Ipcizade, Catherine. Giraffes. Mankato, MN: Capstone, 2008. Print.

Kueffner, Sue. Orangutans. Pleasantville, NY: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2009. Print.

Niz, Xavier. Elephants. Mankato, MN: Capstone, 2005. Print.

Rabe, Tish, and Jim Durk. Is a Camel a Mammal? New York: Random House, 1998. Print.

Rake, Jody Sullivan. Manatees. Mankato, MN: Capstone, 2007. Print.

Squire, Ann. Tigers. New York: Children's, 2005. Print.

Whitehouse, Patricia. Hippopotamus. Chicago, IL: Heinemann Library, 2003. Print.

What About Young Adult Literature?

2011-12-29T19:06:00.002-05:00

A plethora of options for reading seems to have always existed for both children and adults alike. The large children’s section of libraries and bookstore are filled with picture books for the emerging readers. The adult section filled with its fiction, self-help, biographies, autobiographies, and other non-fiction texts seem to be the grander part of every bookstore or library. Where does literature for young adults fit in between the childish and mature? “Young adult literature is often thought of as a great abyss between the wonderfully exciting and engaging materials for children and those for adults” (Vandergrift, 2011).

Pre-teens have it pretty rough. They are going through so many changes so quickly. In addition finding literature that is interesting enough, and digestible for their reading level. Young adults want to find text that engages them at their crossroads in life. They want a read that reflects their hopes, dreams and struggles in life. Today’s growth in adult literature “not only their needs but also their interests, the literature becomes a powerful inducement for them to read, another compelling reason to value it, especially at a time when adolescent literacy has become a critically important issue” (Cart, 2008).

Building a large selection of literary pieces for this group helps address the motivational issue of getting young adults to make reading a priority. It then, “provides a medium through which adolescents and their teachers can raise "hot topics," and confront and grapple with the social contradictions and complexities that comprise adolescents' lives” (Groenke, 2011).

Today’s teens have a much better selection than those seeking this scope of literature 20 years ago. Today, “a wealth of fiction created especially for teens that deals with the possibilities and problems of contemporary life as experienced by this age group” (Vandergrift, 2011). This not only has given this group more options for recreational reading, but greater opportunity for self-discovery. “Through story a reader can confirm one's own life experiences” (Vandergrift, 2011). In being a bystander witnessing characters deal with life issues, emotions, and situations, young readers gain great insight in healthy and appropriate responses to their daily issues as well. “This tension is evident in everyday life but revealed most fully in story” (Vandergrift, 2011). By offering a greater base of options to this young adult target group, society is not only providing engaging literature, but also providing an opportunity for maturity and self-discovery.

Works Cited:

Cart, Michael. "The Value of Young Adult Literature | Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA)." ALA | Home - American Library Association. Jan. 2008. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. .

Groenke, Susan, Joellen Maples, and Jill Henderson. "Raising "Hot Topics" through Young Adult Literature." Voices from the Middle 17 (2010): 29-26. Web. 26 Nov. 2011.

Vandergrift, Kay E. "Vandergrift's YA Literature Page." Home - School of Communication and Information - Rutgers University. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. .

Alexander and The Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day...

2011-12-29T19:04:00.001-05:00

Favorite Picture Book and Other Matters of Aesthetics

One of my all-time favorite books is a complete masterpiece by Judith Viorst and Ray Cruz. The duo of Viorst writer and Cruz illustrator in, Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day, has always been a favorite of mine. The team of writer and illustrator were able to really find common ground in the storytelling and creating very convincing imagery. The book and its text and illustrations work hand in hand to express a very entertaining and engaging story.

This incredible story details a disheartening day of a young boy name, Alexander. His day is an account of hi one problem and disappointment after another. It has always been a fun read for me as a child and adult alike. I found as a child, I was able to identify how the little things that happened in the day would pile up and make the whole day seem bad. As an adult I can identify with the “When it rains it pours” complex we get into as people and love the expressions that the illustrator has created for Alexander. Ray Cruz must have had many children he referenced as he was working on this piece, as his illustrations are spot on.

The book not only is very accurate in the perspective of a young boy may have, the illustrations are very expressive as well. The illustrator has chose to work in a black pen and use hatching and some pointillism to create detail and shadow in the imagery. While some might find the lack of color disappointing, I think it is another element to push the dynamic of the book as each vignette has rich detail of texture, and adds to the dramatic expressions of the character. The images are incredibly detailed and show very accurate gestures and expressions that go hand in hand with the storyline.

In my opinion one of the best lines from the book is toward the end where Alexander comments on dinner then the kissing he saw on TV. The simple phrasing any young boy can identify with, and every parent has heard. Then the complement of the illustration is priceless. The wild hair created for the character adds to the overall look and characterization of Alexander. Both the text and illustration work hand in hand to say a big “YUCK” with out spelling the word out.

While some might say the book is overall a little negative, I find it to an extreme that makes it humorous. I believe this is the overall idea that the author had in mind. They wanted to show a child having a bad day and show us how to laugh at these little things that might bug us. The closing of the story wraps up the concept with “My mom says some days are like that” and gives the story grounding that we all have bad days (Viorst, 1987). Together the team of Viorst and Cruz address this issue of a bad day and create fun and entertaining book that we can all relate to.

Works Cited:

AIO Classroom, Children's Literature | ENG4010 P01. Week 1-4, Web. 28 November 2011.

Viorst, Judith, and Ray Cruz. Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day. New York: Aladdin

Banning & Censoring Children's Literature

2011-12-29T19:02:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Banning and censorship in children's literature.

Banning and censorship of children’s literature directly comes from the Library Bill of Rights, Article 3 that states, “Libraries should challenge censorship in the fulfillment of their responsibilities to provide information and enlightenment” (ALA Library Bill of Rights, 2011). While many individuals, like myself, would think the number of books challenged each year would be rather minimal, I was shocked to learn that “There are hundreds of challenges to books in schools and libraries in the United States every year” (Kennedy, 2011). “According to the American Library Association, there were 348 challenges reported to the Office of Intellectual Freedom in 2010, and many more go unreported” (Banned Book Week, 2011).

Challenging or banning a text does not vanquish the piece from existence. It is simply is an effort to put some restriction on the access of the piece and possibly remove it from the library or educational syllabus.

The book I was most shocked to find in the top challenged titles from 2010 was, Twilight (series), by Stephanie Meyer. Knowing the great popularity of the Twilight (series) and how it is even greatly increased with the release of the movies, I was shocked to see this saga in a list of challenged texts. The reasons listed, “sexually explicit, religious viewpoint, violence, unsuited to age group” seem a bit extreme in my opinion (Banned Book Week, 2011). I was surprised that there was not an issue with the vampire aspect but more an issue of the inappropriate connection of the characters, and mostly was considered sexually explicit. In my opinion the series should not be under such scrutiny. The setting is high school and the audience appears to be for a mature teen. Maybe 50 years ago this type of stories and relationships were more frowned upon. But today it seems more commonplace. I am not advocating that the decay of society is good, but rather where it is.

In my opinion, parents really need to step in here. Most parents screen movies, why would they not screen their Childs literature. I would imagine most kids hear way worse things on the playground or bus ride to school. I am reminded of a friend of mine that has a 4 year old that reads. My friend mentioned that he must be careful what magazines and books he leaves lying around his home, as his young son reads everything. There are some things a child should not read. This once again is the parent’s responsibility to protect the child.

Works Cited:

"ALA Library Bill of Rights." ALA Home - American Library Association. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. .

Banned Books Week. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. .

Kennedy, Elizabeth. "Censorship and Banned Children's Books and Books for Teens." Children's Books - Reviews Articles Lists of Best Children's Books. Web. 01 Dec. 2011. .

Raising Standards & Expectations with the Caldecott Awa

2011-12-29T19:00:00.000-05:00

The Caldecott Award Pushes Picture Books Further

Picture books are very enjoyable for readers of all ages. While they may be the first favorite books of young toddlers, they still can be found on the coffee table of even the most educated and refined individual. The stunning creativity and expressive strokes that tell such an elaborate story with such little use of words is most impressive. The Caldecott Award has been a huge part of children’s literature since 1938. It originated in honor of “Randolph Caldecott, a nineteenth century English illustrator who was known for his picture book illustrations,” (Kennedy, 2011). Today it is awarded annually to children’s book illustrators for the original, and very distinguished work in children’s literature. One key element of the award is the aspect of “advancing the story visually” (Miller, 2011). This award has established an expectation and standard to ensure the quality, detail and expressive creativity in the development of children’s literature.

source: http://mwhittrandr.blogspot.com/2011/05/jumanji.html

Looking back to the 1982 Caldecott winner, Jumanji, by Chris Van Allsburg rich detail is revealed in elaborately detailed scenes. The many unique perspectives and incredible use of value make this book truly a magnificently illustrated piece. Also consider how the artist was able to create such realistic and dramatic images with a limited color palette. The details of the setting and the characters are so subtle but tell the story of wonder, surprise, and curiosity that the story holds.

Source: http://www.childlit.com/battledore/shop/index.php?productID=160

Van Allsburg again produces another magnificent piece that was awarded in 1986, The Polar Express. Like Jumanji, The Polar Express also shows realistic detail creating a very dramatic visual story. A difference in the two pieces is that in The Polar Express we see rich color, but both pieces hold a realistic detail that is very similar. “Van Allsburg's beautiful illustrations become as important to the story as the words themselves” (Caldecott Medal Picture Books, 2011).

Source: http://coxsoft.blogspot.com/2007_12_01_archive.html

Beyond just visually appealing artwork, Van Allsburg has visually told the story. “These life-like pictures encourage children of ALL ages to explore their own imaginations and to become active participants in the young boy's journey” (Caldecott Medal Picture Books, 2011).

Source: http://picturebookjunkie.wordpress.com/2011/06/08/hello-world/

The Caldecott is not only for detailed realistic illustrations, but also is awarded for other visual aesthetics that enhance the story. Smoky Night by Eve Bunting is a sharp contrast to the awarded pieces of Van Allsburg. The acrylic painted illustrations on top of the photographed collage of story related items creates a dynamic rich texture that drives the story forward. The texture in turn relates directly to the story like, “when in the story the boy views people stealing cereal from the market, the background is a photograph of actual cereal” (Caldecott Medal Picture Books, 2011). Bunting shows us that creativity and innovative thinking are also key elements admired by the Caldecott Metal. Her book was awarded in 1995.

Source: http://www.betterworldbooks.com/golem-id-0395726182.aspx

Even techniques like hand cut paper have been recognized as they have proved to be a great medium for illustration. Golem, by David Wisniewski, was a medal recipient in 1997. “It's beautiful, with cut-paper illustrations that seem to spring off the page” (Caldecott Medal Picture Books, 2011). At the same time, the choice of color equally added to the dynamic, which adds to the grim tone and development of the story. With this in mind, this book would be considered for a more mature audience as it addresses the Jewish persecution in 1580. The tone and content would not be appropriate for young children.

Source: http://alotlikebreathing.blogspot.com/2010/09/house-in-night.html

Another masterpiece that won the Caldecott Award in 2009 is The House in the Night by Susan Marie Swanson, and illustrations by Beth Krommes. This book is truly a visual experience. The artwork is done in a limited palette just using the page color and black ink with splashes of yellow color. Still another illustration technique is used in this piece as well. The etching style of illustration is a completely different style than the previous 4 awarded books. The artist uses hatching techniques to create rather involved landscapes with a rather long visual field considering the technique. A very small sentence or phrase on the page guides the reader as they gaze at the elaborate monochromatic texture before them. Consider the complex illustration below where the text simply reads, “the house in the night” (Swanson, 2008).

Source: http://blaine.org/sevenimpossiblethings/?p=2206

With imagery as such a key element in picture book literature, we can appreciate the standards that the Caldecott Medal recognizes and ensures in children's literature. The award proves that the expectation and standard remain paramount in quality pieces for children’s literature. At the same time we also see that the Caldecott is not in any way committing to one style of illustration over another, but rather celebrating creative and progressive works that directly correlate with the story line and push the message of the text forward. The Caldecott Award proves that the creativity and expression created should not go unnoticed as it recognizes the efforts of dedicated authors and illustrators in this industry.

Works Cited:

Bunting, Eve, and David Diaz. Smoky Night. San Diego: Harcourt Brace,
1994. Print.

Caldecott Medal Picture Books. Web. 03 Dec. 2011.
medal-picture-books.blogspot.com/>.

Kennedy, Elizabeth. Caldecott Medal for Illustration of Children's Books -
Randolph Caldecott Award Winners. About. Web. 21 Nov. 2011.

Miller, Linda. Personal interview. 21 Nov. 2011.

Swanson, Susan M., and Beth Krommes. The House in the Night. Houghton
Mifflin Company, 2008.

Wisniewski, David, and Lee Salsbery. Golem. New York: Clarion, 1996.
Print.

Van Allsburg, Chris. Jumanji. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1981. Print.

Van Allsburg, Chris. The Polar Express. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
Print.

Psychoanalysis of Cinderella,

2011-12-29T18:37:00.002-05:00

The Psychoanalysis of Charles Perault and His
Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper.

Charles Perault reveals much of his core value, upbringing, personal experiences and
subconscious addenda’s in his work Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper. The psychoanalysis of this story reveals many details of the life of Charles Perault’s. Further more, Perault uses his writing to help children, but also subconsciously advocates his personal addenda’s from his life experience.

The psychoanalytic approach of looking into an authors writing gives great insight into much of the past experiences and subconscious musings of the writer. With this approach the piece will be examined for details that could “express the secret unconscious desires and anxieties of the author” (Delahoyde, 2011). This analysis is based on the theories, and ideas of “Harold Bloom, Jacques Lacan, Sigmund Freud” (AIO, 2011). Typically when reviewing a story most look to the characters and try to decipher how the author is attempting to express themselves through an individual character. This however is typically not the case in the Psychoanalytic approach as the author is assuming identities in all characters, elements and happenings in story and they are in turn all projections of the writer. As the text is examined the reader searches for key components that point to unresolved emotions, guilt, or conflicts that position a subconscious expression from the writer. Then considering the author’s personal upbringing and traumatic experiences from family, addictions, sexual confusion, and the like stresses that are tucked away in the characters of the piece of literature. This is unpackaged and revealed by using technique of symbolism, condensation, and displacement.

One of the key elements in the psychoanalytic criticism is the analysis is never attempts to identify the author’s underlying intension for the piece. Rather, it is a probing search to find what the author never intended to reveal in their work, the details of their past. The text is evaluated, searched, and scrutinized for the details that are repressed or buried in the subconscious memory the authors mind truly looking to reveal.

Looking at the background of the author Charles Perault, several details are useful as the as the analysis begins. He was born into a wealthy family that lived in Paris, France. He always was looking to gain more knowledge and went to the best schools where he would achieve top rankings in his classes. The most interesting fact about him is that his fairy tales did not come about till the end of his life. “He was almost 70 years old when he wrote his first fairy tales in 1697” (Unknown 1, 2011). Another very critical detail about Perault, is that his wife passed “in 1678” after 6 short years of marriage (Unknown 2, 2011).

In reviewing Cinderella, or the little Glass Sipper, one thing is very evident using the psychological analysis is we see the writer has an understanding of wealth. The story is about kings, balls, hopes and dreams. This indicates that author has experienced this wealthy life. At the same time, he also shows us that he has an understanding of the working class that supports the upper class. He has communicated a definite attitude against those who have had the wealth handed to them, verses those who have had to work for it. It would be easy to see how he has buried himself in the Cinderella character, as he had to go to school and work for his success. He understood the upper class, but also expresses an undertone of disenchantment with those who did not have to work for their status.

Considering also how the main character Cinderella is treated, it begs the question of the opposition Perault must have faced in being successful in school. Seeing that he has created this character that is so good, yet faces so much opposition points to his great success, and possibly feeling that he never was giving the recognition he truly deserved.

The author also places himself in the character of the Godmother. This is truly what the story is about, his gift to children. Consider his age, and how long it had been since he had experienced the wonder and excitement of his childhood. The Godmother in this story brings the gift of experience to the main character Cinderella. Consider then how Perauslt has placed himself in that character as he has revealed wonder, and excitement to children through his story.

Another aspect to consider in Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper is the hidden addenda in his communication of characters in this story. “His tales were intended to train young girls in how to become ladies” (Unknown 3, 2011). Being raised with the upper class Perauslt learned quickly what a lady was. He admired the true beauty of a woman with class. His story addresses true beauty and attempts to put his values of what it takes to be a beautiful woman. Consider the moral. “Beauty in a woman is a rare treasure that will always be admired. Graciousness, however, is priceless and of even greater value. This is what Cinderella's godmother gave to her when she taught her to behave like a queen. Young women, in the winning of a heart, graciousness is more important than a beautiful hairdo. It is a true gift of the fairies. Without it nothing is possible; with it, one can do anything.” (Lang, 1891).

Taking Perauslt’s projection of a beautiful refined young woman and how they behave a step further, consider how much of his imagination of beautiful young women is represented in his fantasy in his fairytales. Consider his wife dieing at such a young age, and how he used his stories to carry on his idealism of his deceased wife. This technique is a coping mechanism as well as a technique to fulfill his romantic drive.

By using the Psychoanalytic approach to examine the work of Charles Perauslt, it is clear there he is expressing his subconscious messages through the story. These messages give the reader insight about his values, personal views, struggles, childhood and loss in life. These subtle messages in his stories were not an intentional effort, especially as he was writing to young children, but the subtle elements are key indicators of his personal history and life experiences are much of his work. Some might judge Perauslt with revealing these elements in his work, but the truth of the matter is that every writer expresses their deep-rooted emotions and values in their work. After it all it is their life and experiences that have shaped the individual into who they are. With creating and writing Perauslt was bound to reveal himself in his stories. Even if it was not intentional, his values, character, childhood and personal perception made him into the author that was able to write so many classic tales. He could not have written any other way.

Works Cited:

AIO Classroom, Children's Literature | ENG4010 P01. Week 1, Web. 26, November
2011.

Lang, Andrew, The Blue Fairy Book, 5th ed. (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1891),
pp. 64-71.

Delahoyde, Michael. Psychoanalytic Criticism. Washington State University - Pullman,
Washington. Web. 05 Dec. 2011. .

St. Martin’s, VirtuaLit: Critical Approaches. Default. Web. 05 Dec. 2011.
.

Unknown 2, "Charles Perrault | Fabulous Fairy Tales." Welcome | Fabulous Fairy Tales.
Web. 07 Dec. 2011. .

Unknown 1, The Story of Charles Perrault. Perrault Fairy Tales. Web. 06 Dec. 2011.
.

Unknown 3, "Charles Perrault." Perrault Bio. Web. 06 Dec. 2011.

/WebProject/Bios/Perrault%20Bio.htm>.

The Change From Book To Film

2011-12-29T18:34:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

In what ways does changing the medium (book to film) alter the social commentary?

When a classic children’s story is recreated for film many times elements of the story need to be altered. “Transforming stories from one medium to another or transplanting them from one setting to another involves trade-offs for good or ill.” (Stahl). When stories are recreated, and retold many times the process involves altering the story.

Many times the medium in which the piece has been observed first sends an expectation of how one would expect to find the piece in other mediums. For me personally remember the many different Dr Seuss stories that I read as a child. The tone, storyline, imagery and voice inflections were so different from the film versions. I found myself to be very disappointed. Especially looking at the new series on PBS Kids, The Cat In The Hat Knows A Lot About That. In the books the cat seemed to be more irresponsible and looking for fun. This new version seems so tame and scaled back. The cat is more concerned about education in each episode compared to just wanting the kids to have fun.

Another very drastic example of this is in the PBS Kids show Super Why.

Each episode takes a classic children’s story and draws conclusions to help children solve their daily problems. Part of the problem solving the show reveals is actually changing the story to solve the problem. While there is so many examples to pull from this show, one simple concept that has been modernized is that Little Red Riding Hood, has been renamed to Red. She also is always wearing skates.

Many times change is necessary in literature works as the culture pushes forward. As film directors pull the classics and recreate many times we see the final product is drastically different, as the story did not lend well to the visual story line. Also consider how small adjustments to a story could simply be a director’s preference and creative expression. A great example of this is in the 1994 Romeo and Juliet remake movie. Much of the classic speech and is used, but the story setting is contemporary. Even the activities of the characters are more matched to modern day. In one scene the two main characters are dropping acid. This was not part of the original, but was an element that seemed to related to the current culture.

With a progressive culture always looking to change, improve or modernize the classic works of literature, one might question if the works of the greats will be lost with the noise of the new versions. To some point the works of the greats will be lost. I am personally thinking of all the stories I thought I knew before I took this class. In reading the older versions I have found that I did not ever know the original story. But when we consider how today information is at our fingertips, it is not far fetched to research and find appreciation for the classic work. As it was mentioned in the beginning of this class, many times the hype from a new released story in a new medium creates hype to make the story popular once again. It is just an old product that has been remarketed and branded to a new target group.

Works Cited:

Stahl, J. D., Tina L. Hanlon, and Elizabeth Lennox Keyser. Crosscurrents of
Children's Literature: an Anthology of Texts and Criticism. New York:
Oxford UP, 2007. Print.

Resources:

AIO Classroom, Children's Literature | ENG4010 P01. Week 6, Web. 08 December 2011.

Mr. Popper’s Penguins, The Book VS. The Film.

2011-12-29T18:31:00.000-05:00

DISCUSS TOPIC:

Please select a story which has been made into a movie and research into its production. Investigate to see if you can find out whose idea it was to create the movie, what ideas guided the production, and so on. Be sure that you cite this information.

As a young child, I had heard and loved the story of Mr. Popper’s Penguins. I can still recall the story written by Richard and Florence Atwater about a house painter and his very entertaining penguins. The book was written in 1938 and was awarded with the Newbery Award. The plot expressed and contained a very unique story about “the adventures of a housepainter and his brood of high-stepping penguins” (Unknown, 2011). The classic piece became very popular over the years for young elementary students. In 2011 the story was taken and made into a film. While both the book and film have similar concepts, and ideas, and characters when the story was recreated for film many aspects of the story were changed.

In 2011 Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment released their modernized film of Mr. Popper’s Penguins. This new release featured drastically changed the unique family story. From character relationships, values, careers and even the setting of the story has a drastic contrast as the book is compared to the film.

This classic tale took quite a twist when it hit the big screen. The main character is portrayed quit differently in the two different mediums. “The Mr. Popper of the movie is not the carefree, slightly eccentric Mr. Popper of the book” (Wendy, 2011). Looking at the main character, Jim Carey, it is fairly simple to have a good idea of how this character is portrayed in the film. Carey has earned himself quite a reputation for his silly faces, and comical combinations. Considering other movies like, Ace Ventura, Liar, Liar, The Mask, Dumb and Dumber, Yes Man, Bruce Almighty, Me, Myself & Irene and even Batman Forever have all pushed Carey forward with unique yet similar characters that have made Carey into what he is today. Despite Carey’s extreme success in his film career, knowing how his characters are always over-the-top which in turn puts a different spin on this classic tale. We can see how the film chose to rely on the personality of the actor and their entertaining qualities, rather than the quirky characteristics. The book was driven from its entertaining story and well developed characters.

Looking into the film story we see how the story has been modernized to out current culture. The classic tale sets the story in a fictional small town where the Popper family all live together. The film has a drastically different setting as it is places the story in New York City, and the Poppers have a typical divorced American family. In addition to this detail, the book puts Mr. Popper in a humble job as a house painter. When Hollywood got a hold of the storyline they made some major adjustments to Mr. Popper’s life, as in their version he is a very successful businessman who “has little time for family” (Wendy, 2011).

Another major change in the storyline is the origin of the penguins. The classic tale paints the picture of Mr. Popper’s sense of adventure and how he longs to explore the south pole. Explorer “Admiral Drake” sends Mr. Popper penguins as a gift (Unknown, 2011). The new film version ties in some issues with Mr. Poppers father that he is carrying over from his childhood. He then acquires these penguins as a gift from his father.

Overall both the book and the movie are fun and amusing. But if the viewer is planning on the film following the classic story written in text, they will instead find “a very loose interpretation of the book” (Wendy, 2011). When it comes to a better message to children and their families, it is clear that the classic story shows more character and better values than the new fling. Adapting a classic story to fit better with our modern culture might make it more believable, and easier to related to, but at the same time can pull away many key elements that made the story a classic in the first place.

Works Cited:

Wendy. "Mr. Popper’s Penguins – Book and Movie Review – Caribousmom." Caribousmom. Web. 09 Dec. 2011. .

Unknown, "Mr. Popper's Penguins | Scholastic.com." Scholastic | Children's Books and Book Club | Scholastic.com. Web. 09 Dec. 2011. .

SWF File Format

2011-05-22T17:41:00.001-04:00

Using an “Adobe Flash Player and Adobe Air Software” SWF files carry text, videos, vector graphics, and sound to millions viewers over the world wide web (SWF Technology Center, 2011). It was designed specifically to “deliver graphics and animation over the Internet” (A Concise Guide to the SWF File Format, 2011). With a high compatibility rate of “ over 98%” with web enable desktop computers, and over “800 million” personal handheld devices, the SWF file format has proved to be a very efficient an effective way to exchange this binary data (SWF Technology Center, 2011).

While the format is extremely useful for displaying the binary information, SWF does not offer editing capabilities, which forces creators and editors to keep the original document in a different format. At the same time, the inability to edit SWF files, serves somewhat as security for the files that have been created.

The format was created with a handful of key goals in mind. The creators knew the importance of having a file created primarily for on-screen display. The on-screen display would then need to offer “fast rendering to a bitmap of any color format, animation and interactive buttons” (A Concise Guide to the SWF File Format, 2011). It also needed to be expandable so it could easily evolve with technology and demand, as well as, maintain compatibility. There was careful consideration placed in the ability to have files compressed for quick loading regardless of the speed, and bandwidth, as well as, then ensure high quality of the viewed information. Having files that were no longer dependent on other external source files was also very important. This removed the concern for linking external files like fonts, source graphics, videos or even sound. Everything would be contained with in the SWF file. Finally the other area development considered is how the file would interact with different sized displays. With continually changing resolutions, screen sizes and shapes it was important to make the file format scalable.

Works Cited.

"A Concise Guide to the SWF File Format." The Labs: Homepage. Web. 22 May 2011. .

"SWF Technology Center | Adobe Developer Connection." Adobe. Web. 22 May 2011. .

Lewis W. Hine - Men Working on Skyscrapers

2011-05-06T00:15:00.001-04:00

Objective: Select an image that you consider to be representative of today's documentary photography and that resonates with the documentary examples:

(NYPL Digital Gallery, 2011)
Title: Rivetting on the dome, a quarter mile up
Artist: Lewis W. Hine
Date: 1931
Location: Rochester, NY
Medium: Photography
“Lewis W. Hine. Rivetting on the dome, a quarter mile up during construction on the Empire state Building in New York City 1931 Photograph George Eastman House, Rochester; New York” (Pohl, 2002).

(Working on Skyscrapers | Aashish Puniany, 2011)
Title: Working on Skyscrapers
Artist: Unknown/Aashish Puniany
Date: Unknown
Location: Indonesia
Medium: Photography

In studying the images in the book I was very drawn to the work of Lewis W. Hine. In his “Hine. Rivetting on the dome, a quarter mile up” I was quite amazed at the angle of the shot. The photographer is actually higher than the workers. The viewer normally would see the large towering buildings above them, not as small distant shapes below. The dark images of the men and structure contrasting the lighter city really show the viewer how far below the city is. This concept is very impressive totally captures how dangerous the condition is for the men working. His title fills in some questions a view might have. First of what is, how high are these men, and the second is what are they doing.

It was difficult to find a modern version of this today with so much “red tape” and liability issues. Most photographs I found were stock images that were save and shot from the bottom of the structure with a large lens. In my mind that is a completely different photo. I finally found some photos that are quite similar to what Hine is doing in his. On Aashish Puniany’s blog, he features a small series of photos very similar to Lewis W. Hine of men working very high up on a building over looking the city below. Aashish Puniany also uses black and white photos like Hine, which creates a dynamic contrast, as he too shows his foreground darker and distant city below lighter. His angle of his subject is not quite as drastic as Hine, but the photographs are still taken slightly above the subject to reveal they breath-taking height. A few of his photos defiantly highlight the lack of safety and danger of what these workers are doing.

Works Cited:

"NYPL Digital Gallery | Detail." NYPL Digital Gallery | Home. Web. 05 May 2011. .

Pohl, Frances K. Framing America: a Social History of American Art. New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 2002. Print.

" Working on Skyscrapers | Aashish Puniany." Images, Videos, Websites and Many More. Web. 05 May 2011. .

Wasteland - Vik Muniz - Murals Out of Waste

2011-05-03T11:50:00.000-04:00

The other night I saw something I found to be most interesting though as a new technique for murals. It was a documentary on PBS about the artist Vik Muniz and how he is creating huge murals out of trash. I think the film is called "Wasteland". Check out this piece below from www.wastelandmovie.com

Allie Mae Burroughs, Wife of a Cotton Sharecropper- Cirtique

2011-05-03T11:47:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: Although documentary photography attempts to be impartial about the situation it records, there are aesthetic approaches taken by photographers that elicit a strong reaction from the viewer. Allie Mae Burroughs, Wife of a Cotton Sharecropper, Hale County Alabama, taken by Walker Evans that was made as part of a project that addressed the plight of migrant workers during the Great Depression. Consider his choice of setting, lighting, compositional arrangement, and title, among other strategies, to describe aspects of the Evans photograph that you think have been manipulated by the artist to produce an empathetic response from the viewer.

(Uppsala Universitet, 2011)

Walker Evans has set up his photograph “Allie Mae Burroughs, Wife of a Cotton Sharecropper, Hale County Alabama,” beautifully. I would speculate that every technique used in this photo was used with the intention to reveal a simplistic way of life that has been very wearing.

In first looking at the 3 main textures captured in the photo the viewer sees the rough wood grain of the backdrop, the detailed pattern material on Allie Mae’s blouse and the smooth texture of her skin. These three main textures create a great contrast. This contrast reveals a rough abrasive environment that this soft individual is surrounded by. The building is her environment, and it is rough and surrounds her every moment. Her blouse is her labor and tasks. She is very busy not having even a moment for herself. She has so much too do and barely enough time to do it. Her environment requires her labor. The third main texture is her skin. It is soft and smooth and is the only constant in the piece. We see how the skin is revealing wrinkles showing time and abuse from the environment and labor, but the skin is resilient against its opposition.

The flat lighting creating little dimension, may lead the viewer to further speculate that the life of this migrant worker is very simple and monotonous. She works hard long hours day after day sticking to her routine. Her stark expression cues the viewer to know she is turning into a machine. She has been hardened, by life, extreme conditions and hard work. The wrinkles on her forehead help the viewer know she is less than happy about her current situation, but the gaze in her eyes show that she knows this is all she has.

Work Cited:

"Uppsala Universitet - PM_fotografi2 - Mynewsdesk." News Releases Mynewsdesk - Search, Monitor, Publish and Share Press Releases. Web. 03 May 2011. .

Jackson Pollock Early VS Later Work - Is there a connection?

2011-05-03T10:51:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: Jackson Pollock is known for his abstract work. Much of his career focused on the production of work that was meant to avoid illusionism. His early training, however, was based on a realistic approach to the representation of the artwork. Naked Man with Knife is an early piece by Pollock. Compare it to his Autumn Rhythm No. 30. Discuss similarities between the two works. In your opinion, has his early training influenced his later work? Justify your response.

(Pollock, 2011)

(Jackson Pollock, 2011)

At first glance Jackson Pollock’s Naked Man with Knife and Autumn Rhythm No. 30 do not appear to have many similarities at all. Overall the pieces are very different. In Naked Man with a Knife, His earlier work, he reveals the figure in more of a cubistic style, but non-the-less a figure is discernable as well as the knife. In Pollock’s later work, in this case Autumn Rhythm No. 30, there are no discernable figures in this piece.

Looking deeper into each of Pollock’s paintings the viewer begins to uncover subtle similarities. Each piece reveals great a sense of chaos, yet shows great balance and unity. Each piece also reveals an enormous feeling of energy and creates a unique affect to almost release internal aggression. One of the most obvious similarities between Pollock’s pieces is the circular swirling motion continually leading and guiding the viewer around each piece. Both pieces also appear to use a more limited color pallet. While Nakade Man with Knife introduces reds, blues and yellows, the overall tone is more muted creating a more monochromatic effect. Autumn Rhythm No. 30 uses black, white and a tan color which also creates a very muted earth tone.

Both pieces have a very full visual plane, but Naked Man with Knife, does lead the viewer to focus on the knife. I believe among the chaos created in the piece the knife is revealed to be the focal point. The many faces and exaggerated figure leads me to believe Pollock is shows a battle within in this piece. In Autumn Rhythm No. 30 Pollock may also reveal a battle within, but does not have the piece establish any form of visual hierarchy. “There's no central point of focus, no hierarchy of elements in this allover composition in which every bit of the surface is equally significant” (Jackson Pollock, 2011).

In my opinion his early work did defiantly influence his later style. The swirling and circular motion is very apparent in both. I think in the beginning Pollock revealed more of what was behind his paintings. As time progressed Pollock was able to use a more expressive abstract style, but hold his core meaning on a more private personal level. I think he also grew to move away from a focal point, wanting his work to be viewed as an entire expression instead of focusing on just one area of the piece. His early work was needed, and necessary for him to be able to evolved to his later works.

Works Cited:
Pollock, Jackson (1912-1956) - 1938-40 Naked Man with Knife (Tate Gallery, London) | Flickr - Photo Sharing!" Welcome to Flickr - Photo Sharing. Web. 03 May 2011. .

"Jackson Pollock: Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) (57.92) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art." The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: Metmuseum.org. Web. 03 May 2011. .

Rufino Tamayo - America Mural (influenced by) Picasso - Guernia

2011-04-27T20:48:00.000-04:00

OBJECTIVE: Select from the Internet an image of an American wall mural that you consider to be significant. Write an analysis contextualizing the content and style of the mural. Discuss how the site contributes to the meaning of the mural.

Title: America
Artist: Rufino Tamayo
Date: 1955
Intended Location: The Bank of the Southwest – Houston, TX 1955-1990
Current Location: Dallas Museum of Art – 1993 - current
Size: 13’2” x 45’10 3/8”
Medium: Vinylite
(Rufino Tamayo America Mural, 2011)

The very large “America” mural, painted by Rufino Tamayo in 1955, is known for being one of his most magnificent and impressive murals. Working alone in Mexico City for 5 months 7 days a week Tamayo was able to truly focus his efforts into his 13 by 45 foot colorful creation. When he had completed it he rolled it up and sent it to Houston, Texas to be displayed at the Bank of the Southwest.

What initially drew me to this mural was the use of the cubism style. According to my research, Tamayo has established a reputation in working in combination of cubism and futuristic styles, which are both apparent in this piece. This allegorical piece reveals the history and richness of America.

The main white figure in the center of the piece resembles a nude female in a reclining position. Surrounding the figure Tamayo has placed iconic natural resources to signal the abundance of the land. The viewer is reminded by “the fish, symbol of wealth of the sea; by a plant, symbol of the richness of the land; by an oil geyser and spring of water, symbols of our underground resources” (Rufino Tamayo America Mural, 2011). Tamayo also shows the unity and cultural influences in the different races with the white and red figures embracing in the top of the painting.

He chooses a vibrant pallet of reds, blues, yellows and greens, as well as, shades of gray. It is these decisions and understanding of color that have given Rufino Tamayo a reputation for color. “Today Tamayo is indeed regarded as one of the great colorists of the twentieth century” (Sotheby’s, 2011).

Tamayo reveals his discipline in study and understanding of his trade as he reveals the influences from Picasso’s Guernica, as well as, the emotion of the Mexican School. The piece “successfully asserts the timeless values of civilization” with his “Abstract Expressionist’s embrace of the primitive and the mythic” (Sotheby’s, 2011).

Title: Guernia
Artist: Pablo Picasso
Date: 1937
Size: 11’ x 25.6’
Medium: Oil Paint
(Guernica, 2011).

Works Cited:
"Guernica (painting): Facts, Discussion Forum, and Encyclopedia Article." AbsoluteAstronomy.com. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. .

"Rufino Tamayo America Mural." MID-CENTURIA : Art, Design and Decor from the Mid-Century and beyond. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. .

"Sotheby’s New York to Offer Important Mural by Rufino Tamayo, Entitled America." TheArtWolf.com - Art and the Art World. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. .

Architecture - Arts and Crafts

2011-04-25T23:44:00.000-04:00

The Arts and Crafts movement evolved in opposition to the industrial revolution and specifically against the Victorian period. The Arts and Crafts style “ refers to the early 19^th –century British and American movement to revive handicrafts” (Gray, 2011). Those dedicated to the style wanted to see society move back to being more of a handmade society once again. The desire for a worker to have pride in his skill and craftsmanship fuelled the movement, as well as, the brutal “working conditions found in the factories” The industrial revolution opened the gates of mass production, but had not established a high level of quality control. “Manufactured goods were often poor in design and quality” (The Arts and Crafts Movement, 2011).
The Arts and Crafts style of architecture include both bungalow and craftsman homes. They were known for being easy to build and maintain, as well as, being affordable. They were typically built with natural materials like wood, stone and brick. The furniture and light fixtures were custom and built in, which created great unity with the interior elements and structure. It also provides efficient uses of space. Arts and crafts used an open floor plan and typically featured a dominant fireplace in the main living space. The “fireplace was the symbol of family in the Arts and Crafts movement” and open floor plan revealed a rejection of the many small rooms commonly used in Victorian architecture (Gray, 2011). The interior also many times had exposed beams.

The exterior of a typical arts and crafts style home would be identified with a porch with either square or round columns or a low-pitched roof. In most cases they also featured wide eaves. The underlying goal was to attempt to make the “structures become part of their settings by seamlessly integrating them with nature” (AIO, 2011).
See example below.

(D. L. James House, 2011)

Architect: Greene and Greene
Location: Carmel Highlands, California
Date: 1918
Building Type: house
Materials: native stone
Style: Arts and Crafts

Works Cited:
AIO .American Art History | ART3010 UA. Week 4 Arts and Crafts Movement, Web.
25 April 2011.

"D. L. James House - Greene and Greene - Great Buildings Online." Architecture Design Architectural Images History Models and More - ArchitectureWeek Great Buildings. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .

Gray, Liz. "Arts and Crafts Architecture : HGTV FrontDoor Real Estate." HGTV FrontDoor Real Estate - Homes For Sale, Real Estate Listings Search. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .

"The Arts and Crafts Movement." Art, Design, and Visual Thinking. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .

Photography VS Painting - Edward Steichen, Grant Wood

2011-04-25T22:44:00.000-04:00

(Masters of Photography, 2011) (Grant Wood, 2011) Today at first glance, we might question the efforts of Edward Steichen in his piece, The Flatiron, 1905. With the advances of Photography in the 21^st century it is hard for us to imagine how difficult the equipment was to work with in this medium. Steichen shows his viewers that he not only knew how to use the equipment, but manipulate it and creates a powerful effect as he studied architecture and nature at twilight. Seeing the reflection of the landscape on the ground and the dreary sky leads me to think Steichen was attempting to create a great effect of a mist in is image. Using contrasting tones he creates dark silhouettes of branches, but then is able to create distance with a lighter shade on the architecture. His foreground is not exactly very visible as we are just able to see basic shape. His middle ground and background might bring about some controversy, as those like my self would call the background the brightest sections where nothing is visible and the middle ground is slightly out of focus, revealing the large structures.

When contrasting piece Steichen’s photograph to is the Grant Wood painting, Fall Harvest great contrasts are revealed. In the painting the setting is completely different. Wood chooses to work on the rural landscape of a farm. In his piece the viewer gets a slight sense of depth as he has used perspective and created rolling hills that overlap the visual plane. The most interesting difference is that the painting has much more clarity and information for the viewer in the represented distant areas than the photograph. The painting gives the viewer an illusion that they can actually see for miles. The photograph is completely different, as in the darker setting it would be impossible to see such a distance. Steichen does give the viewer a short sense of distance, but it appears to be very short. The color pallet Wood selected is also slightly different. While, both pieces have a warm tonal feel, Wood has added green hues giving his piece greater vibrancy. In my opinion Wood had done brought his viewers attention to the middle ground as Steichen has. The background is less in focus and lighter and does not have the contrasting value creating greater detail. The foreground is in focus, but is darker almost creating a base or foundation for the viewer to start with and be lead into the middle ground with the dark angled lines.

There are also similarities in these pieces. We see how both artists chose to work with a darker foreground and lighter background, which helps draw the viewer into the piece, in this case creates a sense of depth. Both also contrast nature with man-made structures. Both artists used nature to separate the viewer from the architecture as they have both placed the viewer in nature looking to structures.

Knowing that both pieces are establishing the viewer in nature looking toward the architecture, I believe both paintings are for those not living in the cities. In both cases elements of nature have created a barrier and separated the viewer from the established structures. I find that as a way that each artist has addressed those that are not city dwellers as outsiders. Or beasts that lurk in the shadows.

Works Cited:
"Grant Wood. Authentication, Certificates of Authenticity and Expert Appraisals." Art

Experts, Inc.: Authentication, Certificates of Authenticity and Expert Appraisals. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .
Masters of Photography. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .

Resources:
"Edward Steichen: The Flatiron (33.43.39) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art." The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: Metmuseum.org. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. .

Chuck Close VS Gusstavus Hesslius

2011-04-21T23:11:00.000-04:00

Chuck Close is known for painting in a photorealism style. This style pushes detail to the extreme, as it closely resembles a photograph. The artist is able to capture and recreate an image by paying close attention to intricate detail and produce a piece in realistic quality. He created his “Big Self Portrait” with acrylic paint and airbrush on canvas using a grid technique with enlarged photographs to dissect the image and recreate in a larger scale with incredible accuracy and attention to
detail.

Many differences are very apparent between the self-portrait of Chuck Close and works of Gusstavus Hesselius. Maybe the most obvious of differences is the “Big Self Portrait” of Close is painted in black and white while Hesselius’s pieces are both in color. Also the other major difference is the style of Chuck Close’s photorealism shows greater detail of the figure and gives the viewer much more information. Closes understanding of the human figure is spot on and attention to shadows and light move is image to greater realism.

Hesselius seems to want to show is portraits in their glory. The chief with his blue garment and accessories hanging from his neck bordered by an oval show casing the image and the self portrait showing himself in an honored position of authority give both of these characters more of a feeling of awe and power. Chuck Close uses more of a raw gritty approach and does not glorify his portrait but rather appears to degrade it. We see that he even has a smoldering cigarette in his mouth. His hair is everywhere and we are not even sure he is clothed. Unshaven and unkempt it almost appears that Close wants his viewers to think he had just rolled out of bed. His haphazard appearance in the photo adds to the photorealistic quality created in his technique.

In trying to find similarities between the pieces a viewer can identify that all the figures are male, none of the figures are smiling, and the chief and Close’s self portrait are both created with the same view of the face. These two images are also more closely related as they do not have the figure with any furniture around them.

Looking at similarities and differences it can quickly be realized that Hesselius’s paintings really do not have much connection to the Chuck Close “Big Self Portrait”. While they are all paintings, Close’s photorealistic style really takes his piece in a different direction when comparing it to the works of Hesselius. From the perspective, realistic human form, color, and even over all appearance displayed in the portrait Chuck Close shows stark contrast to Hesselius in his self-portrait.

Chuck Close
Big Self Portrait
1967-1986
Acrylic on canvas.
107 1/2 x 83 1/2" (273 x 212 cm).
Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
(ArtsNet Minnesota, 2011)

(Common-place, 2011)

Works Cited:

"ArtsNet Minnesota: Identity: Chuck Close." ArtsConnectEd. Web. 06 Apr. 2011. .

Common-place. Web. 07 Apr. 2011. .

Gustavus Hesselius

2011-04-21T23:07:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: A portrait is an image of an identifiable individual and often attempts to convey as much of that individual’s identity as possible to the viewer. A portrait is an artist’s interpretation of what the artist feels are important traits to convey about the subject. In theory, self-portraits are a bit different in that they portray the artists’ own view of themselves.

Visit the following links to view portraits by the Swedish artist Gustavus Hesselius, who was active in New England during the first half of the eighteenth century:

* Gustavus Hesselius, Tishcohan, 1735
* Gustavus Hesselius, self-portrait, c. 1740

The first is an image of the Delaware Chief Tishcohan. The second is a self-portrait by Hesselius.

Because we don’t know much about either men, these images serve as important documentation of who they were. How would you describe these two men? How would you interpret the specific details, such as background, garments, lighting, and facial characteristics, found in each image? Are there substantial differences that distinguish the self-portrait from the portrait? Discuss the differences with reference to the two images. In your opinion, to what extent do cultural differences dictate the way in which artists represent themselves and other members of their community versus how they represent those who are considered outsiders?

(Overcoming Nausea, 2011)

With no background and research about these images one must go off of visual cues left by the creator. In this case the Swedish artist Gustavus Hesselius left a handful of visual marks to help the viewer draw conclusions about each image.

These images show great contrast in the individuals. The first of Delaware Chief Tishcohan indicates he is an Indian by his skin tone, hair, clothing and accessories. The face also shows weathering and deep wrinkles’ indicating this individual spends a great amount of time outdoors in the sun. Also looking closer at the blue garment is not a typical stitched garment, but more of a wrap, which would be more common of that culture of people. This image also does not have anything in the background. It could be a visual cue to lead the viewer to connect the idea that this man does not have many possessions, and is more of a nomad. His social status is lower class and most defiantly poor. The shape of the body indicates that the figure is strong, but defiantly not wealthy as the figure is thin. The chief is also show to have a light source from straight on which makes him appear more flat, and simple, which is another great visual cue to indicate a commoner.

The self-portrait of Gustavus Hesselius shows a great a contrast in social status, culture and class when compared to the image of the chief. His pale skin and a white wig were a traditional style of sophisticated gentlemen of this time period. His clothing, a white blouse with a dark over coat show that he has money and is at a higher status than a common laborer. He is also seated in a large chair at a desk, which could lead the viewer to believe he is educated and established in his career and not a common laborer. The lighting is displayed from the right. This gives more dimensions to the figure as the right side of the face is in highlight with the hand below and the left side is in shadow. With greater dimension a viewer may be lead to consider a more complex elite role this individual plays.

The one common thread that both of these images has is that each one show a man that is not smiling. Both have a very serious facial expression, as the mouth in each piece is pulled tight across creating more of a frown. The chief, however, has a softer less arrogant look, as his eyebrows are both in a relaxed position. The self-portrait shows the right eyebrow raised. This could lead the viewer to assume the image portrays a sense of power, arrogance or superiority. With these many visual cues the viewer can quickly gather information and make assumptions about each image, their status, and culture.

Works Cited:

AIO .American Art History | ART3010 UA. Week One Assignment 2 – DQ2, Web.
05 April 2011.

"Overcoming Nausea." Common-place. Web. 05 Apr. 2011.

Maps VS Landscapes

2011-04-21T23:05:00.000-04:00

Question:
Research two types of images that focus on the depiction of land:
* Landscape images that give you an idea of a particular place and its terrain
* Maps meant to help navigate through the land
Discuss what features, such as depictions of flora, fauna, geographic details, help to distinguish images depicting land as landscape or map. In other words, what makes a landscape different from a map? Provide examples from your research to support your answer. Are there images that do not easily fit into either of the categories described? Why? Cite at least one example of such an image.

(A Little History on the Prairies, 2011)

In researching images of maps and landscape I found that the landscape images give the viewer a greater sense of detail. They spark instant emotions as well. In the watercolor and ink piece by Ron Woodall the viewer quickly see a stark baron area. We notice the flat land and the color pallet that leads us to believe the areas is a very dry desolate place. We see no living thing in the image just dead grass and dark skies. The structure in the painting even gives us visual cues to believe it is abandon. The windows and doors are open and parts of the structure are falling down. There is no smoke in the chimney and the path to the structure looks abandon. The viewer feels the emotion of solitude, failure, death or abandonment.
(Waiting, 2011)
The next landscape painting I studied was a more modern landscape. It is less detailed than the previous but still gives us many visual clues to what the artist is trying to communicate. In the painting “Waiting” by William Wray we see an urban setting. In our culture it is easy to identify the structure of the golden arches. We instantly know it is a McDonalds restaurant. We see figures waiting on the corner and images that resemble cars, billboards, streetlights and signs. We see the harsh contrast of green grass and vibrant landscaping against the gray of the concrete sidewalk and street. The other visual que I believe the artist is attempting to show us is that this landscape is in a morning or evening setting. The light source is coming from the right and showing the viewer either beginning or ending of the day. The viewer might have a emotional strike of hunger in seeing the arches, fatigue, accomplishment, or ambition with the positioning of the sun.

(Aviation Weather Services – Observed Text Products, 2011)

The map diagram I found and studied of the Weather Depiction Chart Example is very different from the landscape images. The map is more analytical details and facts to the viewer. This map is not colored and is very information specific. To truly find this map useful one would need to have the understanding of interpreting the symbols and markings for effective communication.

(April 2009, 2011)
In the study of Jasper Johns “The Map” we see a completely different type of map. The map is very abstract and does not give the viewer much information but may get more of an emotional reaction as it uses many vibrant colors and abstract shapes. The visual cues are very subtle and if the viewer were not familiar with United States this map would not be very helpful at all. While this map is more expressive and iconic, it may give general ideas about the shape and locations of some of the states, but would not help most looking for more detailed accounts.
From my research I find the main difference between maps and landscapes are that maps are more analytical providing data. Even in the abstract map the facts are there as far as the shape and locations of states. In looking at the landscape image I find the viewer is more inclined to abandon fact and move to more emotional responses. The viewer could draw visual conclusions based on visual cues, which could be correct, but are more or less hypothesis.

(Autumn Falls Painting by Jaison Cianelli, 2011)

Finally I also found a landscape that was totally uninformative. My first look at “Autumn Falls” by Jaison Cianelli left me with so many questions of what I was seeing. Is it an explosion? A bright light? It was not until I saw the title “Autumn Falls” That I was able to understand this landscape as a waterfall. Even with that name the viewer has great difficulty gathering information from the image.
In conclusion, I find that the more information an image has the quicker the viewer is able to assimilate what the creator is communicating. Greater details also aid in communicating more information but more details do not mean the image is more interesting. I find the weather map very boring and uninteresting even though it has the most factual analytical data for the viewer. Taking this thought a step further I would venture to say that in creating visual cues and mystery without telling the whole story, the image keeps the viewer interested and looking for more to gain greater understanding.
Works Cited:
"Aviation Weather Services – Observed Text Products." Touring Machine Company. 22 June 2008. Web. 5 Apr. 2011. .
"April 2009." Music & More. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .
"Autumn Falls Painting by Jaison Cianelli - Autumn Falls Fine Art Prints and Posters for Sale." Jaison Cianelli - Fine Art. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .

"January 13 – March 4, 2011 - University of Lethbridge Art Gallery." University of Lethbridge. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .

"A Little History on the Prairies." ALICE SALTIEL-MARSHALL. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .
""Waiting"" MoCo Loco - Modern Contemporary Design & Architecture. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. .

Neoclassical Architecture

2011-04-21T23:02:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: Architecture was one area where the European influences in America appeared during the Neocclassical era. These architectural examples remind us of an important period in our history as a country as well as document interesting developments in architectural style in both public and domestic buildings. Discuss European Neoclassical influences on public and domestic architecture from the Neoclassical era in America. Focus on how it was adapted and evolved in America as well as its importance in forming a nation identity.

Neoclassical architecture is best described as structures that are designed based on the classic architecture of ancient Rome and Greece. Neoclassical architecture, also called new classical, can be identified by a handful of distinguishing features. It is best known for its symmetrical shape and tall columns that run from the bottom to the top of the structure. They also are known for having a “low-pitched triangular gable on the front of some buildings” (Craven, 2011). This was very popular “in the Grecian or Greek Revival style of architecture”, and is called a pediment (Craven, 2011). Another notable feature found in neoclassical architecture is a domed roof.

It was the neoclassical influence that gave birth to the Greek Revival and Federalist style architecture, which were popular in the United States in the early 1800 and 1900’s. The home below, located in Saratoga, New York, is a great example of Greek Revival architecture. Its distinguishing features include a “pediment gable, symmetrical shape, heavy cornice, wide plain frieze, bold simple moldings, entry porch with columns, decorative pilasters” and “narrow windows around the front door” (Greek Revival House Style, 2011).

While the Greek Revival style of architecture made its debut in the public building in Philadelphia, the influence and made its way south and many of the large plantation houses
were designed with its distinguishing features. Even in the 20^th century the style continued to show its influence in with many American homes that utilize the designed with the
front-gable.

(Greek Revival House Style, 2011).

The Federalist Style became popular “in the United States from about 1780 until the 1830s” (Federal and Adam House Styles, 2011). The many distinguishing features in this style became quite popular in the early American Colonies. Features like, “Low-pitched roof, or flat roof with a balustrade, windows arranged symmetrically around a center doorway, semicircular fanlight over the front door, narrow side windows flanking the front door, decorative crown or roof over front door, tooth-like dentil moldings in the cornice, palladian window, circular or elliptical windows, shutters, decorative swags and garlands” and “oval rooms and arches” are how many identify this style (Federal and Adam House Styles, 2011). Even with his great popularity with early American structures the influence can still be seen in many modern American buildings.
(Federal and Adam House Styles, 2011).
Works Cited:
Craven, Jackie. "Pediment - Definition of a Pediment - Architecture Glossary." Architecture and House Styles - Architecture and House Styles and Home Design. Web. 12 Apr. 2011. .
"Federal and Adam House Styles - House Style Pictures - Federal Houses and Adam Houses." Architecture and House Styles - Architecture and House Styles and Home Design. Web. 12 Apr. 2011. .
"Greek Revival House Style - House Style Pictures - Greek Revival Houses." Architecture and House Styles - Architecture and House Styles and Home Design. Web. 12 Apr. 2011. .

Twilight in Wilderness - Frederic Edwin Churches

2011-04-21T23:00:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: Although at first sight landscapes often appear as innocent and neutral, close inspection provides clues to the ideological perspective espoused by the artist. Browse through your textbook and identify a landscape painting that you feel is explicit about its role in offering a nationalist vision. What would you say the message of the painting is? What does the artist want to convey about America? What role, if any, do people play within the landscape?

(Church: Twilight in the Wilderness, 2011)

In Frederic Edwin Churches, “Twilight in the Wilderness” an optimist may suggest that he is expresses a feeling of anticipating with his vast open space. The 40 by 64 inch oil painted canvas, displayed in “The Cleveland Museum of Art” located in Cleveland, Ohio, creates great dimension giving the viewer a sense that the painting never ends. This visual cue touches on the idea of open opportunity offered in the United States and the potential opportunities and limitless possibilities in the west.

At the same time, others may argue that the contrasting dark surroundings the thin strip of the setting sun reveal a sense of great uncertainty, anxiety or even fear of difficulties ahead. With the knowledge of the context that the painting was done in 1860, most are confident that the painting was not an optimistic outlook. With the Civil War a year after the creation of the painting, most viewers of that time a less than optimistic response to Churches efforts.

Beyond the initial reaction to the great space created with vibrant color and an advanced knowledge of field of depth; or the dark contrasts pushing toward oppression; another obvious observation in this vast landscape is the lack of people. “Church has banished all evidence of human habitation” (Pohl, 2002). The viewers are giving the scene of an undisturbed wilderness, leading to the idea of uncertainty. Additional the settlers on the east coast at this time were less concerned with the preservation of the west and more concerned with expansion and the issues of slavery. In Painting an undisturbed westward facing landscape, Church brings up a social issue that was in the forefront of the minds of most of the society of the time.

Today most don’t see the painting today as the early Americans did. With the political issues left to the history books and the discussion produced by the piece today is the speculation that Church has included an eagle in on the left side as “a symbol of American power” (Church: Twilight in the Wilderness, 2011). Others claim the painting holds religious connections to Christianity. They look at the areas “where the branches cross,” and consider it a connection to a crucifix” (Church: Twilight in the Wilderness, 2011).

Maybe these subtle details were indeed what Church was trying to focus on. It is possible that the painting was an attempt at optimism, pride and religious deliverance. Regardless of Churches intentions, the political issues were in the crosshairs of the public minds. Either the issues of that time gave the viewer’s distortion or clarity of Churches intentions.

Works Cited:

"Church: Twilight in the Wilderness." Mark Harden's Artchive. Web. 12 Apr. 2011. .

Pohl, Frances K. Framing America: a Social History of American Art. New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 2002. 150-51. Print.

Twin Towers By Christiaan Bekker

2011-04-21T22:56:00.001-04:00

(TwinTowers Painting by Christiaan Bekker – TwinTowers, 2011)

In the painting title “Twin Towers by Christiaan Bekker” the artist fills the canvas with exquisite detail of the attack on the United States on September 11^th 2001 (TwinTowers Painting by Christiaan Bekker – TwinTowers, 2011). This day marked the birth of America’s “War on Terror”. Bekker displays the horror of the tragedy, the pure evil of the enemy, the destruction and devastation left behind and the hope created by a free nation looking forward of.

In my initial look at Bekkers oil painting my eye was quickly drawn to the statue of liberty crying. Her mouth wide open, eyes clinched shut as she tears her garment and exposes her heart, which is a burning American flag. This imagery alone conveys the oppressing sadness of this event.

Above lady liberty we see the twin towers backed by darkness or in my opinion smoke, We see the artist has slipped in a few more details here as we see the clouds next to the top of the tower appear to have evil eyes looking at the towers and lower we see two giant hands with claws gripping the tower. The artist wants us to see the evil intent of those how took the lives of many innocent Americans that day.

In the lower right hand corner we see the devastation of the event. Tangled metal, smoke and rubble. The artist pays tribute to those who fought to save lives with is including of the somber looking firefighters. He also pays respects to those who lost their lives in the event as the firefighters are lowering the flag to half mass.
While 911 was a day of horrible destruction and sadness, many clung to hope. I believe this is displayed in the top right corner where we see the sun and the firefighter pointing on to the US flag, which appears to be held by many. I think this shows our hope in our country and its freedom.

Other more subtle items Bekker added to this piece are the tail of the American Airlines airplane. This reminds us of those hostages and the terror that was experienced before they collided with the towers. We also see a small section of the pentagon below the towers, to remind “At 9:43 a.m., a third passenger plane crashed into the Pentagon” ( September 11^th, 2011). Finally, we see the bald eagle in the center. I believe this is symbolic to show that even when we are attacked we are a strong nation that comes together.

Works Cited:
"September 11th." Digital History. Web. 14 Apr. 2011. .

"TwinTowers Painting by Christiaan Bekker - TwinTowers Fine Art Prints and Posters for Sale." Fine Art - Art Prints - Fine

Art Prints - Greeting Cards - Posters - Originals - Buy Art Online - Sell Art Online. Web. 14 Apr. 2011. .

Mulberry Bend VS Monadock Building

2011-04-21T22:53:00.001-04:00

QUESTION:
Photographing American Architecture

The rise of industrialism and the accumulation of wealth and labor in major U.S. cities may have led to the development of the skyscraper, a simple and functional type of architecture that was distinctively American. At the same time that the monumental buildings discussed in chapter five of your text , were being constructed to accommodate the commercial needs of large cities, there were also squalid tenement buildings that were the focus of the documentary photography of Jacob Riis. The image available at the following link depicts a neighborhood in the lower east side of New York that housed many of the European immigrants that flocked to the U.S. at the end of the nineteenth century:

Jacob Riis, Mulberry Bend, 1896
Compare the image of tenement buildings with those of the skyscrapers found in your book. What are the different messages being conveyed by these images? How do the photographers compose the images to address the different functions (public v. private) of these structures?

(Candida Martinelli's Italophile Site, 2011) (Google Images, 2011)

An a initial response in viewing the photo of Mulberry bend and the photograph of the Monadnock Building located in Chicago, IL, could be misconstrued as a different time period. We see crowded streets full of people walking and horse drawn carriages and carts in Jacob Riis’s photo. The streetcars and automobiles in the photograph of the Chicago skyscraper designed by Burnham and Root could be misleading in the comparison of these two photographs.

The major difference I see first hand is that in the Mulberry Bend photo the streets are very crowded and busy with excitement. In viewing the photo of Jacob Riis, we see the area is not glorified in anyway. Riis actually had an office located in Mulberry bend where he worked writing articles. He would daily journey through this cramped dirty area and see the quality of life for the inhabitance of this neighborhood were quite inadequate. In his writings, Jacob Riis was noted for how he “emphasized the humanity of the tenement population” (Documenting "The Other Half", 2011). We can see he also uses a similar technique in his photography. These structures located in the poorer areas on the lower East side of New York City are between three and five stories high and have rickety fire escapes and the littered street also is a visual indicator this area is not well taken care of.

In the photo of the Monadnock Building we see a different story. There is hardly any activity in the street below. Given that this structure is a first class office complex, we could guess the photo is taken on a weekend when workers are not around. A streetcar and a few automobiles give us the idea that transportation is needed to bring individuals to this structure from the suburbs. The design is simple with it clean lines and sublet curve showing more modern or contemporary feel on the exterior. We don’t see shutters around the windows as we did in the Mulberry Bend neighborhood. The feel created by the intimidating structure is power. This structure gives a greater sense of security and success. The slightly flared base of the structure helps us verify the building materials. “The brick walls still serve as supportive elements for the sixteen stories and are 17 feet thick at the base” (Pohl , 2001). The size, clean lines, and height grant a confident appearance to the Monadnock Building

Works Cited:
"Candida Martinelli's Italophile Site(Immigrants NY 1890)." Candida Martinelli's Italophile Site (Italian Culture,links,free Ebooks). Web. 19 Apr. 2011. .

"Documenting "The Other Half": The Social Reform Photography of Jacob Riis and Lewis Hine." American Studies @ The University of Virginia. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. .

"Google Images." Google. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. .
Pohl, Frances K. Framing America: a Social History of American Art. New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 2002. 290. Print.

Mary Cassatt VS Kenyon Cox

2011-04-21T22:51:00.000-04:00

QUESTION:

The painter Mary Cassatt is often discussed as an American artist who, at the end of the nineteenth century, became intimately involved with the European Impressionists and strongly recommended them to American collectors. Her work often focuses on the depiction of informal domestic life. Compare the domestic scene featured in her Mother and Child of 1905 with the idyllic scene depicted in Kenyon Cox’s Eclogue, from 1890. What are the differences in the themes of these paintings? How does the choice of styles — Impressionism by Cassatt and Realism by Cox — fit with the content of each painting? How do you think the gender of the painters informs their choice of themes and treatments?

Mary Cassatt chooses a more serious subject matter in her painting “Mother and Child”. Cassatt was known for showing this type of instructional task oriented nurturing of women as it was considered their role. This is also reinforced as both subjects in the portrait are not smiling, but rather have more of a somber gaze. She also is committed to displaying the social expectation of women in society, but painting scenes of standard female behavior. Her commitment to her impressionistic style creates an interesting contrast to her conservative social view. The color pallet creates a rather flat background and allows the artist to bring the subject forward with the lighter tones. The use of the mirrors and created reflections also aid in creating greater dimension in the piece. Kenyon Cox is a great contrast to Mary Cassatt. One of the biggest issues is subject matter. Cox and the exposure to “the Aesthetic Movement of the 1870’s and 1880’s in Europe” had drawn his attention to study and paint female nudes. Americans at this time did not paint nude subjects (Pohl, 2002). He also was encouraged not just to paint what he saw, but create am emotional reaction to his still life. It is interesting that Cox paints in a realistic style when he is working more toward an emotional response.

In Coxes, “Eclogue” a cluster of nude female figures has been gathered on the right portion of the canvas, which was considered an inappropriate sexual overtone at this time. Cox has attempted to create more youthful and innocent look to the figures to remove the erotic feel created by the revealed flesh of the figures. A male figure is seen entering the scene from the left walking toward the women “confirming the purpose of this display of female flesh” (Pohl, 2002).

Cassatt and Cox are similar in the fact that they both choose to paint women as their subject matter. However, Cassatt places “ her women are often engaged in a particular domestic activity, caring for children” while Cox paints a scene of erotic emotional responses. (Pohl, 2002). They both choose to paint in styles that in my opinion seen to contrast their intention of their piece. In this case both paintings do reveal nudity, but Cassatt defiantly has her subject in context of innocence.

(Art 6 Lecture 18, 2001)
Title: Mother and Child
Date: 1905
Artist:Mary Cassatt
Medium: oil on canvas
Size: 36 1/4 x 29 in.

(Kenyon Cox, 2011)
Title: An Eclogue
Date: 1890
Artist: Kenyon Cox
Medium: oil on canvas
Size: 48 1/4 x 60 1/2 in.

Work Cited
"Art 6 Lecture 18." Welcome to the Slide Projector an Instructional Website for Denise Johnson's Art History Students. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. .

"Kenyon Cox, Eclogue, 1890." Beautiful Century. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. .
Pohl, Frances K. Framing America: a Social History of American Art. New York, NY: Thames & Hudson, 2002. 270-271, 299. Print.

The Bradbury Building Contrast Interior and Exterior

2011-04-21T22:48:00.000-04:00

The Bradbury Building:

The Bradbury Building was built between 1889 and 1893. It is a commercial office building located in Los Angeles, California. The urban structure has a unique blend of style. “Depending on the architect, historian, or other expert you ask, the Bradbury Building's exterior façade might be described as Italian Renaissance Revival, Romanesque, or (no kidding) Eclectic Victorian Pre-Modern” (Jay, 2011). The relatively simple exterior design raises 5 stories and features a mix of sandstone, terra cotta panels and dressed brick masonry. Decorative elements on the exterior of the structure consist of stringcourse, design of grouping rectangles and a strong sense of line, decoration under the eves, double hung windows on the first 4 stories and on the fifth floor the windows are arcuated or have a structural arch. These subtle details provide a very uniform symmetrical curb appeal that does not make this building cry out great significance from its neighboring buildings.
A harsh contrast is apparent when moving to the interior design of the building. The interior features magnificent attention to details like, “ornamental cast iron, rare marble, glazed brick, polished wood, and imported tile rising majestically to a towering skylight” (Jay, 2011). The skylight is one of the main features in the court as it floods the open 5-story cathedral with vibrant natural light. As the day progresses the lighting in the court changes, causing unique shifting shadows and shapes. “The ornate wrought iron railings”, projecting stairs and hydraulic elevators are other elements that reveal a very unique look creating an “illusion of Babylon's hanging gardens” (Jay, 2011). The elevators are showcased as they are an open cage style revealing intricate detail for the functioning pulleys and weights as well as the open structure which is all completely exposed by the large main skylight. The tile floors brought in from Mexico and marble staircase from Belgium complete the design of this extremely unique and detailed interior.

Exterior View:

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GO_hdEsuYzg/TYEDjbsvUuI/AAAAAAAAFsA/UTQFgi9wjGA/s1600/Bradbury%2BBuilding%252C%2BLos%2BAngeles%2B-%2Ben.wikipedia.jpg

(Downtown with Kids: Bradbury Building & Grand Central Market, 2011)

Interior Views:

http://www.greatbuildings.com/cgi-bin/gbi.cgi/Bradbury_Building.html/cid_1160284173_Bradbury_Building_04.html
(Bradbury Building - George H. Wyman - Great Buildings Online, 2011)

http://www.greatbuildings.com/cgi-bin/gbi.cgi/Bradbury_Building.html/cid_3118228.html
(Bradbury Building - George H. Wyman - Great Buildings Online, 2011)

http://www.you-are-here.com/broadway/bradbury_building.html
(Bradbury Building - Blade Runner Movie Location - Broadway Los Angeles, 2011)
Very Unique interactive interior view:
http://www.360cities.net/image/the-bradbury-building#925.94,13.15,70.0

Works Cited:
"Bradbury Building - Blade Runner Movie Location - Broadway Los Angeles." Los Angeles Modern Architecture Building History. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. .

"Bradbury Building - George H. Wyman - Great Buildings Online." Architecture Design Architectural Images History Models and More - ArchitectureWeek Great Buildings. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. .

"Downtown with Kids: Bradbury Building & Grand Central Market." Experiencing Los Angeles. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. .

Jay, Erik. "Bunker Hill Magazine » The Beat » The Bradbury Building." Bunker Hill Magazine - The Magazine For Downtown Los Angeles. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. .

Download FREE HD 1080 videos!

2011-04-13T00:09:00.000-04:00

Get way to get HD videos downloaded from youtube!

1. Go to youtube.com and find type any topic in the search bar and add "HD"

2. Select a video that has the HD logo.

3. The page will load and you go to the URL

4. Type In "keep-" after "www." and before "youtube.com/...."

5. Welcome to KeepTube.

6. Select what you would like to download. EVEN 1080!

ENJOY!

Know Your Software - Efficient Design

2011-03-24T20:07:00.000-04:00

Understanding how to use software: In today's technical society software is an essential tool of our trade. Understanding the capabilities of software and the advantages of one over the other and the techniques used in the professional world, will maximize the power of software tools. Have an expert understanding of how essential software will enable you to faster and more efficiently execute concepts.

Media Variety - Graphic Communication

2011-03-24T19:59:00.000-04:00

Working with a variety of media: Experienced graphic designers utilize an array of vehicles communicate concepts. A variety of vehicles and formats, AKA, corporate identity, web design, publication design, advertising, collateral materials, presentation materials, and much offers unique advantages over a single media source. Knowledge and experience in a variety of formats is essential in effective communication.

Conceptualizing: Graphic Communication

2011-03-24T19:49:00.000-04:00

Conceptualizing: Graphic design is a solution to business-communication problems. Designers are often given the responsibility of creating or building a company’s vision into a tangible, visual, written form. The end result must clearly and appropriately communicate to a targeted audience. Key to success is a grounded understanding the company, their competition, and their audience.

Faneuil Hall - Neoclassical Style

2011-02-18T18:31:00.000-05:00

Faneuil Hall

Structures built in the Neoclassical style come from inspirations of
ancient Greece and Roman cultures. Some of the key features of
the structures in this style are domed roof, triangular pediment,
symmetrical shape.

Location: Boston, MA
Build: 1762 ,1805
Architect: Charles Bulfinch
Style: Neoclassical
Material: Brick
Type: Meeting Hall

Belle Meade Plantation - Greek Revival Style

2011-02-18T18:27:00.000-05:00

Belle Meade Plantation

Known best by their strong square or rounded columns the Greek
Revival Style is seen quite often and associated with many
southern plantations homes. The symmetrical design also utilized
narrow rectangular windows around the front entry way as well as
featuring a large front porch.

Location: Nashville, TN
Build: 1853
Architect: William Giles Harding
Style: Greek Revival
Material: N/A
Type: Plantation Home

Wells-Thorn House - Georgian Style

2011-02-18T18:23:00.000-05:00

Wells-Thorn House

The Georgian style reveals how America began to show gradual
prosperity. People began to abandon the strict religious convictions
that were once paramount to the early colonists. The structures
began to offer more comfort, style and beauty with their soaring
steeples, bright white exteriors and large windows. The structures
built in this style follow ridged symmetry on both the interior and
exterior.

Location: Deerfield, MA
Build: 1751
Architect: Unknown
Style: Georgian
Material: Wood
Type: Home

Old Ship Meeting House - Midieval

2011-02-18T18:19:00.000-05:00

Old Ship Meeting House

This large structure was built as a community meeting
house. The original square design was an open floor plan
that supported the roof with three large trusses that
resembled naval construction, which coined the name “Old
Ship Church.”

Location: Hingham, MA
Build: 1618
Architect: Unknown
Style: Post Medieval
Material: Wood
Type: Religious

English Wigwam

2011-02-18T18:14:00.000-05:00

English Wigwam

John Deere Logo Evolution

2011-02-18T17:57:00.000-05:00

John Deer is a company that branded its first logo more than a decade ago. In 1876 it was actually registered as their official trademark. The image of a deer leaping over a log with the words “JOHN DEERE” in a serif font above the image and “MOLINE, ILL” below in the same font, was used to brand the more than 60,000 snow plows. Moline wanted their plows to have a trademark to represent their brand so there would not be any confusion about their product. Interesting enough the logo use an image of a deer that was not found in any part of North America, but rather a native of Africa.

In 1912 the company changed the logo slightly to include a slogan below the lower section of text. “The Trade Mark of Quality Made Famous by Good Implements” The imagery also has greater detail.

Another more significant change was made in 1936. The deer was changed in to aa silhouette and the log detail which the deer was jumping over was simplified. The underlying reason was to make the trademark more appropriate for stenciling on products. This new look adjusted the gesture of the deer jumping to push the front legs out stretched. They also added a shape to encase the logo. With all the graphic changes there were not any text revisions at this point, but only a year later the lower slogan was removed as well as the outline shape.

In the 1950’s the John Deere Company made 2 more sets of revisions to simplify the trademark. A major adjustment was changing the direction of the antlers, and removing the log the deer was jumping over. It was in the 50’s when we see the typography evolve to a sans serif typeface.

In 1968 the logo really moved to a more stylized look. Many of the features of the animal were refined to make the image more streamline. This version of the logo was the first time the company only showed 2 legs instead of all 4. Also the antlers reveal 4 points. A simple Helvetica font is used for the name John Deere below the leaping animal. The entire logo is then encased with a boarder.

The logo used today has evolved even further. In 2000, John Deere revealed its latest trademark. This of course will not be the last and final logo for this evolving company. The deer has been refined more and simplified and the colors of green and yellow are implemented. The text is removed from the gradient design panel that holds the deer.

Over all John Deere is a great company to look at for an evolving logo. When you consider that the logo has changed 8 times since it was created, it may seem like a lot, but not when you consider how long the company has existed. The company made adjustments to their trademark and it did evolve, but overall the concept stayed pretty consistent. Especially considering the color selection. John Deere and yellow are just as recognized as the logo. It seems also that each revision simplified the concept a little more and was changed to identify the company was evolving with its product.
Sources:
"John Deere: A History of the John Deere Logo and Its Changes." John Deere Home Page Redirect. Web. 18 Feb. 2011. .
"John Deere (2000) Logo." World's Finest Selection of Logos. | Goodlogo!com. Web. 18 Feb. 2011. .

New Urbanists

2011-02-16T02:10:00.000-05:00

Question: Who were the "New Urbanists" and what impact did they have on architecture in the latter half of the 20th century?

Old Urbanism was built around the idea that people would be walking. Between the narrow streets and the local commercial area, folks were able to walk or ride in streetcars. Old Urbanism worked very well even without zoning regulations until the automobile became so popular.

Today New Urbanism is similar to the old view where walking is the central focus and mode of transportation. In addition New Urbanists are also concerned about the culture and function of urban areas, over the overall look or style of urban areas. Their big push for health and being environmentally aware are the principles they claimed will make life more fulfilling. The New Urbanists movement proposes to reduce the size of structures, which in turn, uses less materials and resources. With less interior space, individuals are forced to spend more time outdoors and interact with their community.

Today some of their big campaigns push renewable energy, electronic transportation and “retooling” current industries to create a greener, more efficient society (New Deal 2009, 2011). The “Retool America” campaign is a plan that will solve many to our current problems (New Deal 2009, 2011). The desire to shift transportation to mostly electronic train would greatly change the urban landscape. With development of new railways that replace large interstates, urban space would need to be compact to make the city more walkable. New Urbanists look to the future with the vision of , “creating livable, affordable, healthy, and enjoyable communities for all” (New Deal 2009, 2011).

Works Cited:
"New Deal 2009." Urban Design. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. .
Survey of Architecture | ART3020 UB. Week Five Online Lecture, 31 Jan 2011.
"Urban Review STL » Blog Archive » Old Urbanism, Suburbia & New Urbanism." Urban Review STL. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. .

1960s impact on architecture & urban planning

2011-02-16T02:07:00.000-05:00

Question: What social, political, and economics events of the late 1960s impacted architecture and urban planning in America?

The 1960’s showed dramatic transformation in the evolution of architecture and urban planning in American. While technology and electrical devices began to show great growth, the economy did not support the culture to maintain its architecture. The innovative architecture designs of the early 60’s began to show they were not the most economical designs by the early 70’s. People found they were spending an exceptional amount of money heating and cooling buildings with poorly insolated glass. Expansion from heating and cooling cause more issues and problems like leaking roofs, and heating systems that could not accommodate the space. With the country in a recession in the 70’s architecture design had to change. Even today these structures are almost endangered. With so many innovations and green engineering, many times it is actually less expensive have a building torn down and rebuilt than invest in renovations to make the building more efficient.

It is also suggested that another reason the buildings of the 60’s are disappearing is the rebellion of the baby boomers. As many in this demographic grew up in a modernist home, to feel their progression as adults they in turn reject the style in order to “progress” in society.

Works Cited:
"1960s Architecture - 1960s Architecture: L.A. and the Paradox of Preservation - Los Angeles Times." Featured Articles From The Los Angeles Times. 11 Oct. 2009. Web. 08 Feb. 2011.
Bernstein, Fred “The End of 1960’s Architecture” The New York Times. 31 Oct. 2004. Web 08 Feb. 2011.
Survey of Architecture | ART3020 UB. Week Five Online Lecture, 31 Jan 2011.

Steel Plant Architectural Style

2011-02-16T02:03:00.000-05:00

Question: Imagine that you were working in one of America’s steel plants at the dawn of the 20th century, what architectural styles might you encounter on a day-to-day basis and where might you see them?

In the early 20th century the steel industry began to boom. While the steel mills were very dangerous and known for severe accidents, poor working conditions, and pitiful wages, the product of steel was in high demand. Steel could be produced at a very affordable cost, which was then passed on to the customer making the product very economical. The strong and relatively lightweight material became a very popular choice for construction material in architecture.

Steel was the perfect material to manufacture long spanning trusses for bridges, and buildings alike. The strength of the material allowed interior areas to be column free. Factories, concert halls, and aircraft hangers are noted structures that utilized this advance in architecture. By the mid 1900’s welding took bridge fabrication with steel to the next level with increasingly strong seamless joints.

Steel was also a key element in the success the evolution of skyscrapers. In its early years steel supports were used to help reinforce the concrete structures. Steel offered such versatility and could be easily manufactured to meet the structural and aesthetic needs of the building. As the design of the skyscraper grew taller, steel braces, beams and columns were used as the tall structures began to “sway” in the wind, “some more than two feet in any direction” (Skyscraper History , 2011).

Work Cited:
"American Experience . The Richest Man in the World: Andrew Carnegie . The Steel Business | PBS." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. ."History of Iron and Steel Bridges." Beams | Columns | Composite Flooring | Sustainability. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. .
"Skyscraper History — Infoplease.com." Infoplease: Encyclopedia, Almanac, Atlas, Biographies, Dictionary, Thesaurus. Free Online Reference, Research & Homework Help. — Infoplease.com. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. .
"World Architecture- Steel Buildings." World Architecture-1000 Places To See Before You Die. Web. 25 Jan. 2011. .

Transportation and Urban Planning

2011-02-16T02:01:00.002-05:00

Question: How did different modes of transportation affect architecture and urban planning at the beginning of the 20th century?

In the early 1800’s the most practical way to travel great distance and transport goods was on waterways. The early settlers gathered and created major cities in these areas that gave them this access. While these early settlers did some traveling on land, the journeys were long, dangerous, and difficult. Supplies and materials used for structures for most were found in their local community.

The dawn of the 20th century, showed great advancements. The railroad with its miles of track gave new opportunity to urban development. This great resource enabled movement of materials and supplies from a port or supplier to locations many miles away. As transportation evolved, urban development began to move further inland. Settlers found themselves living inland in rural areas, but quickly began to gravitate to the city especially when the electronic trolley lines began. This great innovation granted people the opportunity to travel much more efficiently. Previously residents were forced to live in the urban areas if they worked there. The only other options was using horses or walking on foot. With the trolley lines running from downtown to the suburbs, residents gravitated to the outskirts of town to avoid living in the commotion of a crowded city.

In the early 20th century automobiles began to surface among the wealthy, but by “1920, 8 million” Americans owned cars (America on the Move | Transportation History, 2011). A this time, even with the automobile being such a popular form of transportation, traveling in rural areas was still very difficult. With lack of roads, Americans still depended on the railways for both travel, supply and industry.

It was not until the 1950’s when the “American Dream” of a “house in the suburbs” became popular (America on the Move | Transportation History, 2011). The advances of the automobile, made this dream a reality. Roughly “50 million cars were” owned by Americans (America on the Move | Transportation History, 2011).

Aviation began to own the travel industry in the early 1960’s. The airlines opened great opportunity for the American culture to be connected across the nation. The airlines also ensured a more efficient supply of goods to pretty much anywhere in the nation.

With the evolution of transportation we see the changes in Urban Development. The earliest settlers lived in close communities as they have very limited means of transportation. The buildings used more native materials the communities were located in areas where resources were most accessible. With innovation can change as people gathered wealth they could afford more luxury and beauty in their structures and transportation gave Americans the opportunity to move out of the downtown areas. Today one of the biggest changes I have personally observed, as city grows, so do its roadways. Today many large cities have multiple highways built around the city to accommodate the heavy traffic. Subways, trains, busses, and automobiles have drastically changed where Americans live with respect to where they work.

Works Cited:
"America on the Move | Transportation History." National Museum of American History. Web. 24 Jan. 2011. .

Washington DC Design - Green Space & Wide Boulevards

2011-02-16T01:59:00.000-05:00

Question: What were some of the stylistic, social, and political reasons that Washington D.C. was designed with so many wide boulevards and open green spaces?

(ESPN Sports Travel, 2011)

In, 1791, Pierre L ‘Enfant had envisioned a Baroque capitol city that would have grand features like wide roads lined with trees, that would connect the key buildings, monuments, statues, and fountains, as well as, large open spaces. At the young age of twenty-two, he had a vision of showcasing ceremonial locations but keeping in mind the nature beauty and flow of the land. It was his vision to have “unobstructed open space” (The L'Enfant and McMillian Plans.", 2011). The French engineer was eager for the opportunity to design the proposed capitol city from the ground up. Unfortunately, L’Enfant was removed from this planning project as he became very controlling and would not work with the city commissioners nor consider their time frame. He also refused to produce a map or drawing of his designs for the counsel, so many of his designs that were implemented were actually recalled from memory from those who worked with the great French designer.

The planning of the new capital city of this new nation needed to be magnificent. It needed to go beyond any other economic or social expectation anyone may have for a city. The capitol city for this new nation needed to make a statement to the country, as well as, other nations of this nations innovation and governments strength and power. The committee was also committed to preserving the rich pioneering history of its forefathers.

Today our nations capitol reveals its influence from several European cities like Vienna, as well as, 18th century gardens like France’s Palace of Versailles. Washington DC continues to retain its beauty and mostly original design by legally protecting the integrity of the design of the city.

(Hundertwasser House, Vienna, Austria | Flickr - Photo Sharing!", 2011)

(Palace of Versailles, 2011)

Works Cited:

"ESPN Sports Travel: Washington Sports Travel and Sports Vacation Guide - ESPN." ESPN: The Worldwide Leader In Sports. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

"Hundertwasser House, Vienna, Austria | Flickr - Photo Sharing!" Welcome to Flickr - Photo Sharing. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

"Palace of Versailles." France Sightseeing, Everything to See and Do in France. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

"Pierre Charles L'Enfant, Major, United States Army." Arlington National Cemetery Website Title Page. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

"The L'Enfant and McMillian Plans." U.S. National Park Service - Experience Your America. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

Urban Planning - Central Park

2011-02-16T01:51:00.000-05:00

Question: Did the creation of New York’s Central Park have more of a detrimental than positive effect on urban planning? On urban living?

Creating New York’s Central Park had an incredible impact on urban planning and living. In the 1850’s the idea struck New Yorkers both wealthy and poor alike as a great benefit. While the wealthy envisioned place where they as the high society could socialize and show their success, the poor saw the park as a place of recreation that did not require their personal labor to maintain. Those less enthusiastic about proposed Central Park were the 1,600 people who were residing in the proposed area. These residences feared for losing their homes and communities.

With further investigation it was discovered that the proposed location of the park was not suitable for commercial construction. With limited outdoor space for recreation, it seemed the park would prove to be great solution for the people of New York City, and would provide recreation that the urban city could not otherwise offer. Even when the idea of a park was proposed back in 1850, people saw and knew the need for recreation in nature. To sit in the grass, enjoy the shade of a tree, and even space to enjoy sports and other recreation has always been important.

Being that “New York’s Central Park is the first urban landscape park in the United States” and is still quite popular today, it is evident that it has been a very positive addition to this community (History of Central Park, New York, 2011). It has also paved the way for other urban areas in showing the importance of green space for these very urban communities. The success of park has continued to push the evolution of urban planning to where today residents expect and require green spaces or parks for recreation. This is another European idea that Americans adopted into American culture and therefore have enhanced urban living.

(Free Wi-FI In NYC's Central Park: Now That's More Like It.", 2011)

Works Cited:
CentralParkHistory.com - A Complete Online History of the World's Most Famous Public Park! Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .
"Free Wi-FI In NYC's Central Park: Now That's More Like It." Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .
"History of Central Park, New York." NY.com, The Paperless Guide to New York City. Web. 18 Jan. 2011. .

Cascading Style Sheet - CSS- Internal, External, Inline

2011-02-16T01:46:00.000-05:00

In web development cascading style sheets can save a designer many headaches and time for formatting the site efficiently. While a website can function without CSS, it is away to add a custom look to a website and remove its default formats. By using cascading style sheets or CSS a developer is able to assign specific formatting to specific areas in the code. With using CSS a designer may choose to assign an ID format specified area or section. An ID is used, “when there is only one occurrence per page” (CSS Tutorial - ID vs Class, 2011). For example, an ID might be used for a call out for a banner section or menu section.

With CSS a developer may choose to use a class when there are many instances of a needed format on a page. A class call out would be used on hyperlinks, or create special formatted text for copy sections, headers, and footers. Using a class also allows for creating rollovers for hyperlinks.

I personally prefer to use an external style sheet. Even when I am designing only 4 pages I find that I like the ability to control the way each page is formatted with one page of commands. Using an external style sheet does just that. I quickly and efficiently make changes to every page by making a quick edit to my external CSS file. A great example would be if I want my copy text to be larger on each page, and want the color to be gray instead of black. That change can be made to every page that has the link extension in the header and has assigned the proper class to the area that needs to reflect the format.

Using an Internal Style Sheet is another way to apply CSS to a web page. Internal style sheet commands are located in the head section and only apply their commands directly to the page they are placed on. Style tags contain the commands for the specific format of that individual page. This technique is not recommended for a website with many pages. Like with external style sheets a class needs to be placed in a tag to apply the style or an ID is applied to a section in the head section.

Finally, an inline style is the least flexible for quick changes and adjustment. The inline style is exactly what it sounds like. It is placed right in the tag with a style attribute called directly into the tag. This is a quick and easy way to replace the default formats in a tag with custom formatting. However, this method is more tedious to edit and would not be suggested for websites with many pages.

Works Cited:
"CSS Tutorial - ID vs Class." Tizag Tutorials. Web. 31 Jan. 2011. .
"CSS How to." W3Schools Online Web Tutorials. Web. 31 Jan. 2011.

CSS - External, Internal, Inline

2011-01-31T19:45:00.002-05:00

In web development cascading style sheets can save a designer many headaches and time for formatting the site efficiently. While a website can function without CSS, it is away to add a custom look to a website and remove its default formats. By using cascading style sheets or CSS a developer is able to assign specific formatting to specific areas in the code. With using CSS a designer may choose to assign an ID format specified area or section. An ID is used, “when there is only one occurrence per page” (CSS Tutorial - ID vs Class, 2011). For example, an ID might be used for a call out for a banner section or menu section. With CSS a developer may choose to use a class when there are many instances of a needed format on a page. A class call out would be used on hyperlinks, or create special formatted text for copy sections, headers, and footers. Using a class also allows for creating rollovers for hyperlinks.

I personally prefer to use an external style sheet. Even when I am designing only 4 pages I find that I like the ability to control the way each page is formatted with one page of commands. Using an external style sheet does just that. I quickly and efficiently make changes to every page by making a quick edit to my external CSS file. A great example would be if I want my copy text to be larger on each page, and want the color to be gray instead of black. That change can be made to every page that has the link extension in the header and has assigned the proper class to the area that needs to reflect the format.

Using an Internal Style Sheet is another way to apply CSS to a web page. Internal style sheet commands are located in the head section and only apply their commands directly to the page they are placed on. Style tags contain the commands for the specific format of that individual page. This technique is not recommended for a website with many pages. Like with external style sheets a class needs to be placed in a tag to apply the style or an ID is applied to a section in the head section.

Finally, an inline style is the least flexible for quick changes and adjustment. The inline style is exactly what it sounds like. It is placed right in the tag with a style attribute called directly into the tag. This is a quick and easy way to replace the default formats in a tag with custom formatting. However, this method is more tedious to edit and would not be suggested for websites with many pages.

Works Cited:

"CSS Tutorial - ID vs Class." Tizag Tutorials. Web. 31 Jan. 2011. .

"CSS How to." W3Schools Online Web Tutorials. Web. 31 Jan. 2011. .

Architecture - minimalist

2011-01-13T16:10:00.000-05:00

I recently started watching “Lie to Me” and found the building in the show to be quite appealing. I have always been drawn to glass, asymmetrical, buildings especially when they have unique angles, cantilevers and different rooflines. The building used in this show is the DC convention center.

image source: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2127/2355291660_c7434f878a.jpg

In general I really enjoy modern architecture and specifically minimalist. I like the simplicity and lack of materials. I also love the use of see through materials. I am not one for privacy. It seems like minimalist architecture really takes advantage of light, and does not really have clutter. Here are some samples.

Image Source: http://www.uptodatedesign.com/wp-content/uploads/online-design/2009/04/modern-architecture-of-truro-residence.jpg

Image Source:http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:MMF4WzJljYX2eM:http://www.greatfu.com/wp-

Architecture -Federal Style - Coleman-Hollister House

2011-01-13T16:04:00.000-05:00

The American culture continued to grow more politically and financially independent. With great prosperity, many grew wealthy and the Federal-style architecture emerged between 1780 and 1820. This more accommodating type of architecture featured a large two-story building with a chimney at each end. The culture shifted and people began to demand large comfortable homes. These structures had a large central hall and four rooms on both floors. This style is less decorated than the Georgian style with lowrelief moldings, palladian windows, and swags. The Federal Style homes reflected the success of those inhabiting them. They typically built in the wealthy commercial areas. Architects like Charles Bulfinch and Samuel McIntire well known for their work in the Federalists style.

(Coleman-Hollister House, 2011)

While the early settlers held true to their values and spiritual convictions, the prosperity and desire for comfort shifted the ideal of the culture. While the earliest settlers were most concerned with safe secure shelter, the culture evolved to seek comfort, and elaborate beauty.

Works Cited
"Architecture Glossary." American Centuries: History and Art from New England. Web.
12 Jan. 2011.
"Coleman-Hollister House." American Centuries: History and Art from New England.
Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
"Exploring New England Architecture." American Centuries: History and Art from New
England. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
"New England Architecture." New England Travel. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
Roth, Leland M. "English Settlements." American Architecture A History. Boulder:
Westview, 2001. 15-56. Print.
Survey of Architecture | ART3020 UB. Week One Online Lecture: Colonial America, 12
Jan 2011.
"Wells Thorn House Ell." American Centuries: History and Art from New England. Web.
12 Jan. 2011.
"Wells Thorn House Main Building." American Centuries: History and Art from New
England. Web. 12 Jan. 2011

Architecture - Georgian Style

2011-01-13T16:00:00.000-05:00

The Georgian style was named from the kings of England in the early 18th century. “King George I, George II, and George III ruled England from 1714 to 1820” (Architecture Glossary, 2011), when this style rapidly extend to America. The Georgian style reveals how America began to show gradual prosperity. People began to abandon the strict religious convictions that were once paramount to the early colonists. The structures began to offer more comfort, style and beauty with their soaring steeples, bright white exteriors and large windows. The structures built in this style follow ridged symmetry on both the interior and exterior. The rooms and floor plan reflect a symmetrical balanced design as well. The exterior reveals elements influence from Classical Greece and Roman architecture with pilasters, dentils, and pediments.

(Wells Thorn House Main Building, 2011)

Works Cited
"Architecture Glossary." American Centuries: History and Art from New England. Web.
12 Jan. 2011.
"Coleman-Hollister House." American Centuries: History and Art from New England.
Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
"Exploring New England Architecture." American Centuries: History and Art from New
England. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
"New England Architecture." New England Travel. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.
Roth, Leland M. "English Settlements." American Architecture A History. Boulder:
Westview, 2001. 15-56. Print.
Survey of Architecture | ART3020 UB. Week One Online Lecture: Colonial America, 12
Jan 2011.
"Wells Thorn House Ell." American Centuries: History and Art from New England. Web.
12 Jan. 2011.
"Wells Thorn House Main Building." American Centuries: History and Art from New
England. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.

Architecture - Midieval English/ Early Colonial Style

2011-01-13T15:58:00.000-05:00

The early settlers adopted many practices of the Native Americans. Their need for shelter led them to build makeshift wigwams in the hillsides similar to the native neighbors. These mud hut type structures were soon replaced with more of a traditional English structure. The still primitive single room structures were created using hand cut beams with thatch roofs. The gaps between the beams filled with mud and sticks. Unfortunately, due to changes in temperature gaps would appear, and the thatch did not weather well either.

Between 1600 and 1740 the post medieval English/early colonial style reflects the early cultures greatest concern of functionality; the early settlers had rather simple humble structures. These early colonists also were also driven by their values and strong religions convictions for living simply. This is very apparent when looking at the style of architecture of this time period. The homes were designed and build to serve the purpose of shelter from the cold. They were used for eating, rest, and duties to keep the home functioning. The structures were very small and boxy with a simple hall and parlor floor
plan. They tend to be one room deep and one and a half stories tall. The small upper loft area, known as a garret, was often used for storage or sleeping. Their steep roofs had a large chimney in the center for heating and indoor cooking. They are designed with few windows and a strong board and batten door that would serve the purpose of keeping those inside safe and secure. The outside of the structure is very plan and have minimal decoration and unpainted exterior walls.

(Wells Thorn House Ell, 2011)

Architecture -Federal Style

2011-01-13T15:54:00.000-05:00

QUESTION?
Imagine you are a colonist in early America, what architectural features would be important to you in building a house? A place of worship? Community buildings? Discuss your observations and be sure to integrate several historic and architectural examples into your response.

Depending on my social and financial status I would aim for the features included in the Federal style of architecture. I would hope to find myself in the more wealthy part of the culture. I would think extra room, layout and function of the home provides more options for the family and community. It also have great visual appeal in its use of balance and symmetry.

My home would include two chimneys on either end. This would be more efficient in heating the home as well as, be more visually appealing creating balance and symmetry. This feature would also allow for a fireplace in each room, which would be an added luxury.

(Historic Buildings of Connecticut, 2011)

My home would also have the traditional federal home windows. With six by sixdouble hung windows stacked on the first and second floors, my rooms would be full of light. The exterior of the home would be enhanced with the symmetrical decoration of the windows adding character to all exterior walls.

(Rural Intelligence | Style: House - Two House Tours with a Focus on History, 2010)

To showcase the exterior of the home I would have grand entry. A beautiful front door surrounded by windows and carpentered moldings. A fanlight window would crown the door in its splendor. The door would be the focal point of the surrounding structure.

(What Is a Fanlight - Architecture Glossary, 2011)

The interior of the home would feature a long grand hallway that would run the length of the home. There would be equal rooms on either side of the hallway that would creating areas for private gathering. These rooms could be used for small religious gatherings or other community issues or personal time of reflection, reading or recreation. The interior rooms and hall would also have delicate detail in the moldings, and other influences from roman architecture.

(Coleman-Hollister House, 2011)

Works Cited:
"Coleman-Hollister House." American Centuries: History and Art from New England.
Web. 12 Jan. 2011.

"Historic Buildings of Connecticut » Blog Archive » The Miles Lewis House (1801)."
Historic Buildings of Connecticut. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.

"Rural Intelligence | Style: House - Two House Tours with a Focus on History." Rural
Intelligence | What's Happening in Our Neck of the Woods: Berkshire, Columbia,

Dutchess & Litchfield Counties. 12 Jan. 2011. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.

"What Is a Fanlight - Architecture Glossary." Architecture and House Styles -
Architecture and House Styles and Home Design. Web. 12 Jan. 2011.

Poor Webdesign

2011-01-11T21:55:00.000-05:00

Website needs some help~

Encountering the landing page for Adam Haynes at, http://www.stickfort.com/, one would think the site would be pretty impressive seeing the detailed illustration. Upon clicking on the illustration to enter the site the user is shocked as the light tan background is drastically changed to a dark blue with gray and yellowish green accents. At first I thought I was linked to the wrong site as it was completely different from the landing page, but the more I studied it I found it was the actual site. In the end the actual site appears to be more of a blog in my opinion. The site is a personal website to display the work of Adam Haynes.

The text is very pixilated so I am guessing that the links and other text in the top box is images. I also don’t understand why the designer would choose a huge header and two equal columns below. The one column holds “Archives” and a few other links. Which was a poor use of space as the other column where the most of his content is located was long and narrow. This creates excessive scrolling for the user. It also creates a huge hold in the design in the shorter right column.

The portfolios are also set up differently and do not have consistency. The illustration portfolio has large thumbnails or small samples of work down the column that the user can click and view a large sample in a popup window. Under the archives though there are missing samples when some links are clicked. The user then questions why it is called “Archive”? The paintings section is completely different as it has small thumbnails in a small block next to the archives. Another small issue I see is that some of the pieces have the frame stroke and others do not. In the end the frame stroke should match the color scheme if it is on.

Then the user clicks on “Available Works” link and looses the other menu links. The page the user goes to also has a coming soon tag. A page with no content is not good, but leaving a user on a page without content without a way to get back is unacceptable.

Finally, the contact link goes directly to the email client on the computer. I am not a big fan of this type of command. If a user is not on their personal computer the email client is not what the user would want. Also there is not any other type of contact information.

Overall this site is very inconsistent and looks like it is still under construction. I also think the design of the site looks like a blog and really does not make this designer very appealing in a competitive market. The other issues of poor imagery, missing pages, and lack of structure and unity are all evidence in my opinion that this designer does not take his work very seriously.

Source:
Stickfort.com

Great web design PG&E

2011-01-11T21:53:00.000-05:00

Site with Great Innovation:

The PG&E website found at http://www.wecandothis.com/ is very impressive. PG&E is the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. This site appears to hold content for PG&E customers. The information is entertaining and helpful in educating the customer in energy saving technology, tips and future ideas. The site is mostly flash driven and very interactive and even has games for the user to play. Being a flash site it does have a preloader for the site to load. The preloader is a great distraction as it is a custom preloader with very large number broken into a unique grid. In my opinion the site loaded very quickly, but at the same time I have super fast Internet.

After the page loads, the user is greeted by different sounds that are connected to the different interactive images. Some may say at first glance the design has no visual hierarchy, but I view the display a to be a balanced collaboration of information expressing in a fun interactive way. The eye is drawn up to the top left corner by instinct as well as the bright orange contrasting color. Here is where the user finds the menu. A nice soft blue color is used which is calming and easy on the eyes. Accents of orange are used for contrast and to draw the user to the menu tabs.

The consistency of the site is quite strong. While there are a few links that lead to new windows that do not follow the look and consistency of the flash site, only a few of these links that landed on traditional HTML pages that all looked consistent. In my opinion it looks like it takes the user to the old site or a less entertaining HTML version of the current site. I was surprised to find this as it makes the site seem slightly unfinished.

Considering how much content this site has to offer I appreciate the organization of the information. Most sites that have all this information on the front page with many links I and other user may find over whelming. There is a a lot of clicking going back but it allows the user to have a comfortable experience without too much information at once.

I think it is great that the site offers the content in a few different languages. The only problem I found with that was that once you click on the Spanish link and try to go back to English the page has an error.

A contact phone number is provided, as well as, a form for correspondence. I did not see an email address on the site, and I would venture to guess there is not one. Typically larger companies do not use email addresses but rather forms.

Over all I found the site to be very creative, innovative and user friendly. The interactive roll over images that have animation really draw the user in. The site looked the same in both Safari and Firefox browsers. It however did not load at all in IE 5 but that is not surprising as it is a flash site. Most important I think the site gives the user a one of a kind unique experience with an organized way to find needed information.

Source:
wecandothis.com

Neville Brody - star typographyer

2010-12-03T17:04:00.000-05:00

How do the contribution of Neville Brody affect the study of typography?

Known for his anti-traditional views, Neville Brody was an English designer that encouraged the evolution of conventional typefaces to abandon the ridged structure of legibility. Brody quickly fell into the public eye in the 1980’s with his record cover designs. In the beginning he was his unique innovative use of architectural and visual elements set him apart from other designers. His work for The Face magazine revealed his creative innovations in graphic design and “established his reputation as one of the worlds leading graphic designers” (FontShop, 2010).

It was his creative vision used in, The Face magazine, that shifted the way typography was viewed by society. Neville Brody paved the way and changed the look of traditional design with his radical concepts of how typography was incorporated into the design. Many magazines and advertisements quickly adopted and applied this innovative design concept. He continued search for new innovation in type, which led him to begin designing and developing his own typefaces.

Today Neville Brody has focused his attention on “electronic communication design” (FontShop, 2010). With his many advances and contributions to design and typography, Brody has earned that title, “star typographer”. He designed many well-known fonts like: “Arcadia, Industria, Insignia, FF Blur, FF Pop, FF Gothic, and FF Harlem” (Identifont, 2010).
Sample of Influence.

Work Cited:
Design Team Production | G321 XA. Week Four Online Lecture: Typography A Quick History, 12 2010.
"Identifont." Identifont - Identify Fonts by Appearance, Find Fonts by Name. Web. 03 Dec. 2010.
"FontShop." FontShop. The World's Best Fonts. Web. 03 Dec. 2010.
"MyFonts." MyFonts. Web. 03 Dec. 2010.

Virtual Team Apps - Skype

2010-11-29T12:30:00.000-05:00

In my virtual design team experience, one essential tool that makes communication so much easier is to use Skype to host a group conference call. Not only does this application allow you to talk directly to the group, but you can also have a group chat that enables the team to share documents and even share your desktop. It is free and works on both mac and PC. www.skype.com

Dropbox - Great Doc Share App.

2010-11-29T12:19:00.001-05:00

A great app for document sharing. This application has been a life saver in my virtual team experiences. It updates the file for everyone in real time. It is just another folder on your and their computer.

See the video and check out the website to get this great app. http://www.dropbox.com/

Team Conflict

2010-11-13T20:28:00.000-05:00

QUESTION? Why do conflicts arise in a virtual team?

Conflict occurs in teams for many different reasons. Whether the team struggles with who’s in charge, a lazy teammate, individuals trying to get off task, a change in direction, or even not meeting deadlines, conflict occurs. In the end most conflicts that arise can be boiled down to due to two types of conflict.

Cognitive conflict involves problems with ideas, principles, issues, or even processes. A cognitive conflict is more targeted at the task and how it is accomplished. The other type of conflict is affective, which focuses on people, values and emotions. This type of conflict is directly linked to personal and the different personalities and background.

Most of the time poor communication is a cognitive conflict. When things are unclear as far as, goals, delegation, expectation, deadlines, quality, and even concept, a team will fall into conflict because of the lack of communication. To avoid this it is important for everyone to ask questions, and take time to make sure everyone is on the same page. It may also be wise to over communicate and have critical items in writing more than once. In the virtual environment it is even more difficult as there is not the visual cues to reinforce what is being said. Also technology does sometimes fail, and critical messages may never actually make it to their recipients.

Having unrealistic expectations is of an affective type of conflict. This is especially true when members of the team may not have as much experience or talent as they claim. Emotions run wild when teammates cannot meet expectations. Individuals in the team may become disappointed in coordinator, and try to take control of the team themselves. In contrast a coordinator my not be satisfied with the work of the finisher and create conflict with trying to improve the quality. Another issue almost every team experiences in this area, is when some members may not commit the same amount of time and effort other team members feel should be given. The conflict arises as the over achiever is irritated at the slacker and the slacker is annoyed at the push of the over achiever.

What ever the conflict is it is important to try to repair the breakdown, to make the unit function more effectively and not a repeating incident. Conflicts can either be resolved constructively or destructively. A constructive resolution would show growth and change from the conflict. It actually fixes a problem and the team is stronger because of the conflict. A deconstructive resolution is the worst way to resolve a conflict as no resolution is reached. It then divides and team and breaks down team moral. It drains the team of energy and vision.

Resources:
AIO Lecture Week1
http://www.ohrd.wisc.edu/onlinetraining/resolution/aboutwhatisit.htm
http://www.chumans.com/human-systems-resources/managing-team-conflict.html

Team Mission Statement

2010-11-13T20:27:00.000-05:00

QUESTION? What is the importance of a mission statement for a team?

A mission statement helps a team keep on track with the objective and direction of the task. One of the many functions of a mission statement is to identify a direction and goal for the team to work towards. It will help define and prioritize how and what the team does, as well as, how resources are used. It reveals the identity, standards and core function of the team’s aspirations. In the most simple of terms, it organizes the group to be more productive by getting everyone one the same page.

Without a mission statement a team could easily get off task and waste time floundering instead of making steps to accomplish and expedite the goal. A team lacking a mission statement might trying to accomplish the same goal, as a team with a mission statement, but will waste time, energy and resources. Without a sound direction the team also may be come frustrated, conflicted and even hostile toward each other. The end result the team produces will also probably not be as clear and effective as a group with a mission statement.

A mission statement helps turn a team into a well-oiled machine, as it spells out the values and objectives. With the values and goals defined direction is quite clear, therefore, eliminating some opportunities for conflict.

Resources:
AIO Lecture Week 1
http://www.samples-help.org.uk/mission-statements/team-mission-statements.htm
http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/hpcd/chp/hpkit/text/team_mission.htm
http://www.businessplans.org/mission.html

Extreme Realism

2010-11-09T10:57:00.000-05:00

Extreme Realism

Image Source: http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_jmpuMQdvH2c/SognjcyIQbI/AAAAAAAAAHU/aIiXUlBWgys/s400/Picture+3.png

Isn’t that a photograph? It is hard to believe Don Eddy was able to capture such detail in his paintings of cars. He is obviously an artist that was strongly influenced by the Extreme Realism Movement and actually considered himself to be a photorealist. In this piece Don Eddy is able to give the viewer a very accurate account of a common everyday setting. His work is so detailed with realistic reflections, light, color and value that at first glance the viewer might think they are actually looking at a photograph opposed to a painting. The artist has revealed the setting without distorting it.

Cubism

2010-11-09T10:56:00.000-05:00

Cubism

Image Source: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_H__ZfihjeDc/S7UVYnXvKdI/AAAAAAAAAd4/QdckPLurCNw/s1600/zhatter.png

This illustration of The Mad Hatter, titled "Time for Tea" by Alex Pribnow, reveals a solid influence of the cubism movement. The viewer can see the different parts of the figure have been broken down into simple geometric shapes used in this movement. The viewer can see the cone, cylinder and sphere forms used to create the figure. It is also apparent the artist does not use a traditional perspective with the figures face, but shows multiple viewpoints. The main view of the figure is a profile view, but we are still able to see both eyes and eyebrows on the face.

Surrealism

2010-11-09T10:55:00.000-05:00

Surrealism

Image Source: http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles/57681/projects/488962/576811271844962.jpg

This self-portrait, by Francesco Sambo, shows great influence of Surrealism. The artist has placed brought the viewer into an unresolved conflict. He has placed a figure that is morphing into or out of the wall. The figure has a large hole in his chest. Seeing the texture and slight color at the top left is symbolic of the blood splatter that would have happened when the hole was created. I notice that there is not a rich use of color, but more muted. The blood has turned browner in color, which tells the viewer this incident happened a while ago. Finally the gesture and expression of the figure lets the viewer know that the experience is still fresh and unresolved by the figure. Further more the surreal influence is very present in this piece as we are looking into the subconscious of the artist.

Pop Art - Andy Warhol - Soup Label

2010-11-08T11:46:00.000-05:00

QUESTION: Is the label on a can of soup, art? What is your opinion of the work of Andy Warhol? In what ways has it affected your own style - or has it not?

In my opinion the label on soup is not art, but has been graphically arranged for effective communication. There is an artistic touch to the organization and use of space, color, fonts that establishes visual hierarchy, but in my opinion it is not art on the typical Campbell’s soup label. I would consider this more design or layout or design. In examining other labels for example Hobo Soup, I find this example to be a form of art. The designer has incorporated and illustration in a clever combination with the necessary text and color. The movement of the cooking soup smell works great to create visual hierarchy and lead the viewer to the product name, which is also identified by the imagery. The imagery is interacting with the text and works together as a whole. I would consider this label art.

The practice of taking common everyday objects, images and even icons that are easily identified in their culture and incorporating them and redefining them in artwork is known as the “Pop Art” style. Andy Warhol is one of the many artists known for working in this style and being part of this movement. While he has been able to create many pieces and be quite successful in this style, I personally am not a big fan of the style alone. It seems strange that an artist can repeat an image, object or photograph, change the colors and claim it as their art. I know as a designer, I can’t even really use photography that has been produced by another individual without purchasing it or asking permission.

Even though I am not a huge fan of this movement in art history, I personally think it is one of the best and more inspiring movements. The main elements I pull from this style are rebellion, mockery, and free political expression. I see how it mocks mass production and materialism with the boom of consumerism in that time of society. I see had it points its finger at society and laughs. It shattered the division of fine artists and commercial design and has bridged the gap between these two art forms. Without the Pop Art movement graphic design would be completely different today.

Resources:
AIO Lecture
http://wwar.com/masters/movements/pop_art.html

Preflight, FlightCheck - Printing problems

2010-11-07T21:42:00.000-05:00

Preflight is very important. I really never knew much about it before I started working my first job as an Art Director. In this position I had to flightcheck all projects before we would send them to the printer. Basically, if there were any issues it would come back to me as I was the one that did the final checks.

In the beginning I was very confused by the process as I found so many issues alerted I, that I was told just to ignore. With more experience I learned what issues would cause problems and which ones would not.

One key thing to keep in mind of why flightcheck is important is it will make you aware of issues that you may not have even considered. One time I was running fight check on a project to send out to a specific printer. This printer had sent me their personal settings for the flight check software, and would make sure everything was setup to their specs.

When running this project through I found that many of the gradients in the design did not meet the standards for the printer. In this case the printer wanted no color less than 10% or it would not show up. The gradients were created with 10% color, and would not show up at all.

While I was not the one that created the gradients, I would have been the one that got nailed with missing this detail when the project didn’t print correctly. I was able to flag this issue and got the company that created the gradients in some hot water.

Fight check is a great last step to ensure you will have the print you are looking for. If you don’t flight check you will probably end up making multiple trips to the printer as little details easily slip by, and affect the print. I have found something as silly as not having embedded images and not including them with my print package has wasted my time as well as the printers.

As far as checking it yourself, without software assistance, I don’t suggest it. The software is there, USE IT! There may be a small issue that you are not even aware of.

Photoshop Adjusting Levels.

2010-11-06T16:21:00.000-04:00

When adjusting levels in Photoshop use Adjustment Layers so you are doing “No Destructive Editing”

Go to your adjustment layers pallet.
Choose levels.
Hold down the “OPTION” key while sliding the sliders and adjusting your histogram.
Notice when the color starts being revealed. That is a good stopping point.

Start Image:

Notice adjustment Holding Option Down

See Corrected Image:

Fashion Illustration VS. Technical Illustration

2010-11-06T12:13:00.000-04:00

Fashion Illustration VS. Technical Illustration

While fundamental drawing and rendering skills are required in the professional illustration industry, the various fields require greater discipline of certain techniques than others. In taking a closer look at fashion illustration and technical illustration one will quickly realize these two areas of illustration require a drastically different approach to accomplish their objectives.

Fashion illustration has greatly evolved over the years. With the advances in photography, fashion illustrators are no longer burdened with the responsibility of rendering out fashion advertisements, catalogues and displays. Today these items are mostly done with photography. Photographers, however have not replaced the job of fashion illustrators, but rather opened the opportunity to work specifically in the initial creation and design of clothing, accessories and garments. Fashion illustrators work out the design of the items, before they are created with fabric or materials. Their designs do not have strict standards as far as needing to be realistic or proportionally atomically. Rather, they can be loose, expressive and stylized, which may help display and even sell the overall look of the proposed style. The drawings rely on the use of line and the simplified human form to express the concept, look and style the designer has in mind.

The fashion illustration below, for example, uses the same girl over and over in different clothing and accessories combinations. It is not at all realistic as the drawing of the figure is quite distorted and the model is identical in each rendering. At the same time, it gives the viewer a strong sense of the look the designer is going for with their clothing.

Image Source:http://www.lushlee.com/images/art/09/9/fashion-illustration-by-bu.jpg

Technical illustration is known for its detail, accuracy, dimension and proportions, which is quite a different direction from fashion illustration. A technical illustrator needs to have a great understanding of perspective, drafting, mechanical drawing, and even knowledge of software like CAD, CorelDraw and in some instances 3D software. While some technical drawings maybe simplified line drawings, others may be a detailed perspective rendering. The overall effect should show the viewer what something does, or give a greater understanding in a technical nature or direction. Regardless of how detailed the technical illustration maybe, it will reveal the important details needed to communicate a sometimes very complex idea. A major advantage of a technical illustration over a photograph would be the ability to simplify the drawing for an easier understanding of a complex idea. A great example of this would be a technical illustration showing how a four cylinder engine functions. The illustrator, James Provost, has actually cut away a section of the engine case to reveal what is going on inside. The drawing below is detailed; proportionate and accurate to show give the viewer an understanding of the complex process happing inside the engine.

Image Source: http://jamesprovost.com/files/2009/11/power-split-device-cutaway.jpg

Technical illustrations many times use colors and added symbols for clarity and even sometimes my show a extra enlarged view to accommodate certain details and complexities.

Fashion and technical illustration are quite different when considering how detailed and precise technical is compared to the free stylistic renderings done for fashion. These two drastically different approaches do have a few things in common. Both fashion illustration and technical illustration are sometimes used in initial studies before fabrication. A technical illustration of a new product would be proposed to a board, like a fashion illustrator may have created a rendering of a collection in proposal for a designer looking for a contract. Fashion obviously deals with fabricating garments, and technical drawing may show a design for a new product, part, or piece of machinery. While these two divisions of illustration have a demand for different disciplines of illustration, both require a fundamental understanding of illustration, form and rendering techniques.

Works Cited:

"How to Become a Fashion Illustrator, Fashion Sketcher." StyleCareer.com, How to Work in Fashion, How to Break Into Fashion and Image Careers. Web. 05 Nov. 2010. .

Intermediate Illustration | G320 UA. Week Five Online Lecture: Specialized Fields in Illustration, 11 2010.

Lushlee, Angie. "Bu Lago Millan." Lushlee.com. 09 Sept. 2009. Web. 06 Nov. 2010. .

Provost, James. "Power Split Device • James Provost • Technical Illustration, Editorial Illustration, Motion Illustration & Infographics." James Provost • Technical Illustration, Editorial Illustration, Motion Illustration & Infographics. Web. 06 Nov. 2010. .

Contrast - Identify, Correct,

2010-11-05T13:56:00.002-04:00

A great technique to identify contrast issue as mentioned in this weeks lecture is switching the image to gray-scale and checking the overall range of gray-scale value. Then after identifying areas that need adjustment using the history pallet or undo command, or if the image did not have previous edits before the color change using a “Revert” command would also restore the file to its original state.

I then suggest using the adjustment layers. When I first started using Photoshop we never had these. I would always keep a copy of the original image in a separate layer in case I needed to go back. With adjustment layers this step is not needed. The first tool I always use to adjust contrast is “Levels”. In my experience taking a quick look at the curve will explain most contrast issues. I then simply correct it by adjusting the arrows on the curve.

Another tool I use quite often in adjusting contrast is the curves tool. I also use this tool with an adjustment layer as well. The curves tool has quite a bit more control than the levels adjustment and allows for a more involved correction. One of the main times I go to the curves tool is when I am adjusting an image and removing a colorcast. I great starting point for this adjustment is to click on the mid-tone eyedropper and find a middle gray tone in your image and select it. This may correct the cast, or at least give a great starting point to make further adjustments too.

Resources:
AIO Lecture

Norman Rockwell - Essay ad campaigns

2010-11-05T13:24:00.000-04:00

Norman Rockwell is well known for his illustrations on covers of numerous magazines and especially The Saturday Evening Post. He had the ability to look at the culture around him and create visual stories that expressed the wants and needs the people. His illustrations had ordinary people doing everyday activities with exceptional details creating a utopian scene. In the words of Norman Rockwell, “I paint life as I would like it to be” (American Masters, 2006). More plainly stated by Steven Spielberg, “ Rockwell painted the American dream – better than anyone” (American Masters, 2006).

Rockwell’s career as an illustrator spanned many years in which he created many wonderful pieces, and icons that are still recognized today. One thing many people do not remember about this talented artist is his great talent in advertising. It estimated that Rockwell actually did twice as many ads than covers. His incredible talent gave him the opportunity to promote and sell a wide variety of products.

In the 1920’s illustrators had more of a celebrity status and were revered for their familiarity of culture and especially public preference. On many occasions Rockwell’s clients would give him complete control of ad campaigns and strategies of how to promote and sell their products or service. Rockwell knew how to make his pieces interact emotionally with the viewer, which made his advertisements extremely successful. The techniques used in his advertisements are similar to how the photography is set up today to tell the story of the product.

Rockwell began doing advertisements in 1914 and continued illustrating commercial campaigns for 60 years. By 1920 he had already done advertisements for a diverse amount of products. Heinz, oil heaters, tires textiles, Post cereals, US Marines and even motors were the products he began promoting.

He shows that he has great understanding of visual communication in the Norman Rockwell’s advertisement for Parker 61 pen’s in 1959. The viewer sees this master put so many little bits and pieces into this ad. He uses great balance of color in his blocking of the product to bring the viewer back and forth from the color combination. The viewer’s attention is brought to the center of the illustration with the brilliant yellow and he places the product clearly on this background, which really showcases the product. Next consider the all American look he has given this girl and her friends. They are all pretty, conservative, and happy for each other. This wholesome group is every father’s dream of a successful, happy daughter ready to go off to college and be even more successful with this great gift from her father. He then reassures these assumptions when he places the text, “Daddy is trying to spoil me!” This makes the suggestions placed in the illustration more concrete and reassures the viewer that a Parker 61 is a real treat. His eye for detail makes his message incredibly successful. In today’s advertisements many times stock photography is uses. The stock photographs do not contain the elements that tell the story like Rockwell did.

Image Source: http://splicer.com/files/imagepicker/s/splicer/rockwell-61.jpg

Norman Rockwell’s creativity and understanding of the human figure, as well as, the American culture has made his work very successful for over sixty years. As an accomplished Illustrator he has collections of techniques to establish visual hierarchy and strike an emotional card with the viewer. Not only is his work an inspiration for today’s designers, but also it is a wealth of techniques that need to be observed, understood and used to create incredible pieces with solid design techniques. Today as designers we can appreciate his attention to detail and telling the visual story with his elements first. The initial glance can tell the story, but the more you look there is much more to the story than meets the eye.

Works Cited

"1959 Rockwell Illustration for Parker 61 | Monochromatic Outlook." Monochromatic Outlook | There She Goes, My Beautiful World. 27 Mar. 2008. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .

American Masters. "Norman Rockwell - About Norman Rockwell | American Masters." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. 07 Feb. 2006. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .

"Norman Rockwell Advertising Art 1914 to 1976." Where Norman Rockwell Art Collectors Begin. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .

"Norman Rockwell." American Art Archives, Illustration, Illustrator, Art. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .

"Norman Rockwell Art." Norman Rockwell Prints. Web. 02 Nov. 2010. .

DesignFirms - Free Profile

2010-10-26T21:09:00.000-04:00

Get a free professional designer listing on Design Firms!

About DesignFirms!

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If you have doubts about finding the right company with DesignFirms, know that our directory is automated but also human edited. We make every effort to provide quality firms for you to choose from. Need more proof? View some company reviews.

What is DesignFirms?

As one of the world's leading directories of web designers, developers, graphic designers, etc., your business can reach thousands upon thousands of visitors each month. Unlike most directories in similar nature, DesignFirms is easy to use and even easier for visitors to find a provider for the services they need (your company). Read below for more information on why DesignFirms is the best vehicle in building your design business.

If you are a business looking to advertise on the DesignFirms directory, this page will help you understand what DesignFirms has to offer and how it will help your business succeed.

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Unsharp Mask

2010-10-26T18:05:00.000-04:00

Although it sounds backwards, “Unsharp Mask” in most cases will enhance clarity and make images sharper and clearer. While this filter may appear to have an affect the entire image, Unsharp Mask is only applied to the edges of an image. It accomplishes the “sharpening effect” by adjusting the acutance, which refers to the clarity or transition at the edge of an image. Unsharp Mask is a great way to increase clarity of detail in photographs.

This filter should not be applied to every image, but only on images that need a crisp sharp look. If enhanced detail is not needed in an image, using this filter could result in unwanted noise or added graininess to the look to the image.

Images that are great candidates for this filter would be images that contain a large amount of detail. While there is a large range available in the setting, small amounts of these settings accomplish the sharpening need. Applying this filter too much can over emphasize certain textures and unwanted detail, as well as, in some instances create a halo around images. All of which would be unwanted results.

One thing to always remember about this filter is it is not a solution for a photo that is not in focus. While it may look better with the application of the filter, it won’t make a out of focus photo sharp. Another thing to keep in mind is that it should be applied to images last, after all other editing has been done. This will ensure maximum clarity.

Some suggested setting for unsharpen mask.

Subject     Amount         Radius          Threshold
Soft subjects       150                 1 10
Portraits             75                   2    3
Moderate sharpening 225       0.5    0
Maximum sharpening 65 4 3
All-purpose sharpening 85    1    4

Source:
For starting values of the USM filter for different uses, try the ones suggested by PhotographyJam:
http://photocritic.org/unsharp-mask-sharpening-photos-photoshop/

Resources:
http://www.earthboundlight.com/phototips/unsharp-mask.html
http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/sharpness.htm
http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/unsharp-mask.htm
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/acutance
http://www.naturescapes.net/122004/tg1204.htm

Figure Drawing - Gouache Paint, Color Pencil

2010-10-23T04:41:00.002-04:00

Objective: Figure drawing of Olympic Event & render appropriate color in two different traditional mediums.

This illustration was rendered in gouache paint.

This illustration was rendered in Prisma color pencils.

Color Choices - Complementary - Warm & Cool Colors.

2010-10-23T04:40:00.000-04:00

OBJECTIVE: Give your impressions of how the artist might have approached the choice of colors.

I chose an illustration from Mark Bender. He is was one of my instructors at the Art Institute of Pittsburgh when I attended back in 2002. I always enjoyed his style and great use of color. In this piece you see that he has a warm and cool color contrast. His rich blue and green works very nicely with the vibrant orange and yellow. The color pallet choice is actually complementary which gives greatest contrast and great harmony. I also find it interesting how he chose to place the man working in realistic colored clothes. The man is dressed in blue coveralls and a white shirt. His arms are rich golden collection of orange and yellow. In addition to creating a great contrast and harmony, the colors selected are quite realistic and what you would expect to see.

By Mark Bender

Source:http://www.pittsburghillustrators.org/portfolios/bender/bender2.jpg

Product Mockup - Prospective & Color Rendering

2010-10-20T21:53:00.000-04:00

OBJECTIVE: Create a line drawing of a product that would be good in an Olympic ad. Then do a color rendering of that drawing.

I first chose the product of "painreliever" This specific product is a actually produced by the Publix brand.

After I had the drawing completed I used Prisma Color Pencils to render the drawing in a monochromatic blue color.

Great Color Design Application!

2010-10-20T16:10:00.000-04:00

Here is a great site with a free color application that could be a great color tool.
Check it out the Color Scheme Designer

http://colorschemedesigner.com/

Effective Use Of Color - Triadic Color - Illustration

2010-10-20T16:01:00.000-04:00

Image Source: http://www.unstage.com/2009/10/great-use-of-color-in-digital-art/

In this illustration titled “kitchen” by Zain you see an example of an artist using a triadic color scheme. This means that the color pallet consists of three main colors that are equally spaced around the color wheel. It is a solid scheme to use as it provides strong contrast but maintains balance or harmony of color.
The artist establishes a cool feel with the use of blues in the top of the illustration. This was a great technique as the cool tones allow the viewer to be drawn in to the illustration, which creates a greater illusion of depth. In addition to the perspective and shading the use of blue makes this kitchen space appear very deep especially with the contrast of the pink warm tone, which is the one of the other colors used in the triad.

The pink tone adds a splash of warmth, but is secondary to the coolness of the more dominant blue. While the piece is quite sad and mellow looking do to the dominate cool color, the use of the warm pink tones on the bottom, are a great way to lead the front of the piece toward the viewer. This contrast of warm and cool is a great technique for this piece as it creates an illusion of an extended visual field a great use of color in this exaggerated perspective drawing.

Finally the artist uses a touch of yellow, which completes this triadic pallet. This aids in the established light source and gives the viewer a feeling of sunlight. This also pushes the blue primary color to appear darker and possibly sadder and helps the viewer realize the intended tone of the piece where the girl is stuck inside working, on a beautiful sunny day.

Resources:
AIO Lecture
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-schemes.html
http://colorschemedesigner.com/

Emotional Impact of Color

2010-10-18T16:34:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: "The impact of color on the emotional feel of a piece can add significantly to the message of the illustration." Explain by giving examples.

Color is a key component in an illustration in aiding the viewer in establishing the correct emotion. A very simple example is the use of complementary colors like red and green. This combination in most situations in the American culture makes people think of Christmas. While looking at the color green alone the viewer may assume growth, fresh, go or safe, it does also have some negative associations like greed and jealousy. It is amazing how adding the complementary color of green to red has created this holiday brand color.

By itself color red has other emotional effects on people like the association of heat, fire, power, it has also been associated with a signal to stop. The color red is even used to represent love and passion.

Pink is another color that has been a way to establish femininity. Most children wearing pink clothing are assumed to be female. Also consider how the popular retailer Victoria Secret has taken the color pink and branded their store with this color. Even the Breast Cancer Awareness has adopted this color for their movement.

Some color combinations even can effect how the piece is visually viewed. For example Warm color combinations have a tendency to appear to move in the direction of the observers and seem to be in a closer proximity. To push away from the viewer one could chose to use a cool color combination, which would will aid in the scene pulling back from the viewer. In other words, warm colors will appear to be larger than cool colors.

One key thing to keep in mind about color is a viewer may respond differently to color depending on their culture and background. While it may seem that response to color could be a natural response, it is really based on conditioned influence or association of a specific culture. An example of this is how in the Chinese culture the color red may be associated with luck, or celebration, but in South Africa it is the color of death or mourning.

Resources:
AIO Lecture
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-meaning.html
http://www.writedesignonline.com/resources/design/rules/color.html
http://webdesign.about.com/od/color/a/bl_colorculture.htm

OUTPUT Resolutions LPI

2010-10-18T15:08:00.000-04:00

Printer	LPI
Newspaper ads	85
Magazines and brochures	133
High-end magazines	150
Annual reports	175
High-end brochures	175
300 dpi laser printers	53
600 dpi laser printers	106
1200 dpi laser printers	212

Production/Output Consideration

2010-10-18T15:05:00.000-04:00

QUESTION: When you start a new project, should you be concerned about what method of printing will be used for the final product?

Resolution:
When starting a new project if is very important to know the final output. First of all, the output will determine what resolution you will need for your images and graphics. A designer would choose a different resolution based on the final output of the project. The resolution used in a newspaper is different than a magazine and the resolution of a magazine is different from a high-end brochure.

Color:
The final output will also determine color abilities or limitations. Is the project using a CMYK or a specific pantone color? If it is a screen print the color pallet could be limited. Knowing the color limitations may also reduce your options available with specific filters and effects.

Format:
The format the file is saved in could also become an issue as well. Many printers have reported issues with trying to print TIFF files that complex colored designs. Some printers may require a specific format for production and have specific guidelines how the file needs to be set up. One printer may want .125” bleeds set, while another prefers .25”. Many printers offer a profile that will set up the file to their spec’s, or instructions of how they want the file setup. Another thing to consider is has the file been setup with the appropriate trapping, chokes and spreads.

Fonts:
Fonts are often an issue when it comes to printing and production especially if a design uses TrueType fonts. While TrueType fonts offer some benefits to designers, they are known for their history of causing printing problems. Many times to avoid printing, and clarity issues a designer should choose Type 1 or post script fonts for their high resolution output and reliability.

Drawing Line & Shade Concepts

2010-10-18T00:41:00.000-04:00

Line and Shade Drawing Concepts from Instructor:
by: Victoria Vebell - AIO Intermediate Illustration.

1. Drawing is creating the illusion of 3D space on a 2d surface.

2. There are no lines in the 3D world only edges seen by the contrast by what's behind it.

3. A line is an abstraction of an edge.

4. Lines create shape, shading creates form.

5. Light creates unity of form by all the objects having the same direction of the light source.

6. Shading is made up of different tones of value. All value is judge how light or dark it is by comparison to another tone.

7. The human eye can see about 40 different values.

8. A trompe l'oeile (fool the eye) artist can render maybe 15 -20 different values in a drawing.

9. A very good artist can render 10 different values.

10. Every good drawing must have a pure white and a pure black.

11. The more different values you can render the more realistic your drawing will be.

12. This is the basis for eye movement, the more contrast you create in an area the more your eye notices it and appears to come forward. The converse is true, the less contrast you have (the closer your values are together) the more that area recedes and your eye slides over it.

Think of it this way, on a sunny day everything looks clear and sharp.... more contrast of values. On a foggy day, the values are all muted and close together and everything seems soft and fuzzy.

13. Realistic rendering takes time and patience. Building up the tones to black will make your drawings more realistic and stronger.

14. Using vine charcoal is a bad choice for small work. Pencil or charcoal pencils both with a paper stump is the best choice.

Tip: to keep your shading from smearing, put a clean white piece of paper under your hand:)! Also if an area gets too dark, use a kneader eraser and dab it slightly. You also can re-establish your white areas by making a point with your eraser and draw the lights back in.

SOURCE:
Instructor: Victoria Vebell - Intermediate Illustration - AIO

Mac User Repair Disk Permissions

2010-10-12T12:07:00.000-04:00

A basic rule of thumb for all you mac users out there. After any software or updates are installed you really should repair your disk permissions.

So many users have no idea what that even means. It is a very simple process.

1. Before Repairing Disk Permissions, Shut Down All Programs.
2. Go to Applications>Utilities>Disk Utility

3. Select the Drive to repair. (Note if you have more than one drive select your main or home drive.)

4. Then choose Repair Disk Permissions.

5. The process may take a few minutes. NOTE DO LET THE APP RUN ALONE. Most users are tempted to go out and do other things while this runs, Please refrain from the temptation.

Typography - Mixing typefaces

2010-10-12T11:53:00.002-04:00

Designers should feel free to mix typefaces in design. In some situations using contrasting fonts will result in emphasis on certain words. Using complementary typefaces may help establish a clean visual hierarchy to organize the text and quickly lead the viewer through the layout. However, it is cautioned that using fonts that are too similar can cause a clash and be confusing to the viewer. An example of this would be using more than one script typefaces in a layout. At the same time there are a few things a designer may want to be mindful of when choosing typefaces to use in the same piece.

The first thing to consider in font selection for any piece is considering the intended audience. A brochure for in a pediatrician’s office could take on the look of a child like handwriting for the typeface, while it would be completely inappropriate in a cosmetic surgeons office. Keeping the intended audience in mind when choosing and mixing fonts is key to selecting a font that will enhance the design and communicate efficiently.

Another thing to keep in mind is the typography in most cases I the voice in the design. The look and feel of the typeface then becomes the tone or personality. In our culture today most people know that if you are using all caps in a text message or email, that the sender is shouting, yelling or angry. With this in mind it is important that the personality reflects the piece and enhances the communication.

In the lecture it mentioned how mixing typefaces would be a great way to show emphasis. Consider trying to whisper and shout in the same line. Using a thin font may whisper while a contrasting thick font may shout. One thing to keep in mind though when mixing fonts is leaving a dominant font to reduce confusion in the design.

Resources:
AIO Lecture Week 2

Anti Theft For Laptop and Phones!

2010-10-11T16:54:00.004-04:00

Prey lets you keep track of your phone or laptop at all times, and will help you find it if it ever gets lost or stolen. It's lightweight, open source software, and free for anyone to use. And it just works.

How it works!
Basically you install a tiny agent in your PC, Mac or phone, which silently waits for a remote signal to wake up and work its magic.

This signal is sent either from the Internet or through an SMS message, and allows you to gather information regarding the device's location, hardware and network status, and optionally trigger specific actions on it.